通过调研湖南省武深高速、宁靖高速、邵坪高速等16条高速公路的隧道洞内防火涂料的运营情况，发现湖南省存在大量采用防火涂料的在役隧道，涂层厚度为12~20 mm，且82%的隧道存在防火涂料脱落情况，危害行车安全。针对缺少在役隧道防火涂料运营状态评估方法及病害处治对策的现状，基于现行防火涂料标准给出的关键性能指标和湖南省公路隧道防火涂料实际运营现状，构建包含脱落面积率、脱落频率、鼓包面积率、裂缝综合评价指标和隧道平均日交通量等评价指标的涂料运营现状评估体系，并结合涂料病害类型及发生发展机制，提出在役防火涂料不同运营状态等级对应的处治对策。通过对排沙坪隧道左洞开展现场评估，得出该隧道在役防火涂料运营状态值为85.20，状态等级为良好，与3家检测评估单位给出的评估结果一致。
The authors investigate the operational state of fire-retardant
coatings in tunnels on 16 highways in Hunan Province, China. Numerous in-service tunnels are equipped with fire-retardant
coatings, with thicknesses ranging from 12 to 20 mm. In 82% of the tunnels, the
coatings have shed, posing a safety risk to tunnel traffic. However, assessment
methods and treatment measures for evaluating the operational state of these in-service fire-retardant coatings remain
limited. Based on the key performance indices outlined in relevant fire-retardant coating standards and the actual operational states
observed in highway tunnels in Hunan Province, a coating operational state
assessment model is developed. This model incorporates evaluation indices such
as the shedding area rate, shedding frequency, bulging area rate, crack length
and number, and average daily tunnel traffic flow. In addition, the types of
coating defects, along with their occurrence and development mechanisms, are
analyzed, and treatment measures are proposed for different operational state
levels of existing fire-retardant coatings. A field
assessment test conducted on the Paishaping tunnel yields an operational state
value of 85.20—classified as a good level—which aligns with the assessment results provided by three
independent testing and assessment units.
