针对采用国际通用BIM软件平台开展数字化设计存在几何引擎开放度低、核心技术“卡脖子”风险等问题，提出一种基于BIMBase的铁路山岭隧道衬砌结构BIM建模方法。使用C++语言对国产图形引擎进行二次开发，通过数据结构定义、参数化组件开发、交互式功能实现3个步骤，开发衬砌工程BIM正向设计软件，建模精度满足铁路工程设计、施工、运维全生命周期应用需求。研究过程及结果： 1）数据结构定义方面，将BIMBase几何引擎内核层架构与衬砌结构拓扑特点相结合，对图形对象基类进行派生，构建出单层衬砌数据结构； 2）参数化组件开发方面，在断面轮廓几何语义分析基础上研究独立于几何引擎的参数化断面轮廓设计算法，实例化图形对象抽象基类，重写虚函数，结合BIMBase内核层功能接口，完成三维几何造型，开发出单层衬砌结构组件； 3）交互式功能实现方面，研究同时适应多层暗挖隧道和单层明挖隧道的衬砌结构横断面属性赋值方法，研究自适应空间线位曲率变化的扫掠路径高精度拟合技术，通过实现IToolProperty接口完成BIM模型属性值和三维几何交互式联动更新，最终开发铁路山岭隧道的衬砌结构BIM正向设计软件。
To address the issues of
low openness of geometric engines and technology bottlenecks in universal
building information modeling (BIM) platforms, the author proposes a BIM
modeling method based on BIMBase for lining structures of mountain-crossing railway tunnels. The Chinese graphics engine is developed
using C++, and the BIM forward design software for tunnel lining is implemented
through data structure definition, parameterized component development, and
interactive function implementation. The modeling accuracy meets the full
lifecycle application requirements covering the railway engineering design,
construction, and operation stages. The research results demonstrate the
following: (1) Data structure definition: by combining the BIMBase engine
kernel architecture with lining topology characteristics, the graphic object
base class is derived to construct a single-layer
lining data structure. (2) Parameterized component development: a parameterized
cross-section profile design algorithm is developed
using geometric semantic analysis. This algorithm is independent of any graphic
engine and facilitates component development through the instantiation of
abstract base classes and virtual function overriding using the BIMBase engine architecture
kernel-layer interfaces, developing complete three-dimensional (3D) single-layer lining
structure components. (3) Interactive function implementation: an assignment
method for the cross-sectional properties of lining
structures suitable for multilayer mined and single-layer
open-cut tunnels, as well as high-precision sweeping path fitting techniques adaptive to spatial line
curvature changes, are analyzed. Through the implementation of the
IToolProperty interface, the BIM model properties and interactive linkage
updates for 3D geometry are synchronized, ultimately creating BIM forward-design software for mountain-crossing
railway tunnel lining structures.
