合理的螺旋隧道几何设计参数选取对保证行车安全至关重要。采用资料调研、理论分析等方法，明确隧道线形与事故率关系，研究隧道坡度、坡长和曲率半径的影响因素，分析不同影响因素下的隧道坡度、坡长阈值，并给出大纵坡小半径螺旋隧道的几何设计建议值。结果表明： 1）在纵坡相同情况下，下坡路段比上坡路段更危险，事故率更高； 在同一坡度下，货车受到坡长的影响更大，当隧道曲率半径小于400~600 m时，事故率急速上升。2）隧道坡度的影响因素主要包括机车爬坡性能、爬坡平衡速度、车辆容许爬坡速度和运营通风，坡长的影响因素主要为制动装置温度，曲率半径的影响因素主要包括汽车灯光散射角、视距、横坡、驾驶安全和运营通风。3）基于机车爬坡性能、爬坡平衡速度、车辆容许爬坡速度、运营通风因素，明确大纵坡小半径螺旋隧道的纵坡坡度阈值； 以刹车轮毂温度200 ℃作为控制基准，同时结合安全评价准则，给出不同坡度和设计速度下的隧道坡长阈值； 基于汽车灯光散射角、隧道内的行车视距、隧道内横坡等影响因素，得到大纵坡小半径螺旋隧道的半径阈值。4）根据隧道坡度、坡长、曲线半径阈值，给出隧道可采用的最大纵坡和不同纵坡下的设计速度以及大纵坡小半径螺旋隧道的几何设计建议值。
王建
,
陈炜韬
,
黄鹏
,
张立祥
,
于丽
,
王雪
,
刘媛
,
李俊麒
,
王松
. 大纵坡小半径螺旋公路隧道几何参数探讨[J]. 隧道建设, 2025
, 45(S1)
: 193
-207
.
DOI: 10.3973/j.issn.2096-4498.2025.S1.020
Rational geometric parameters of spiral highway
tunnels are essential for traveling safety of vehicles. Herein, data research
and theoretical analysis are employed to establish the relationship between
tunnel alignment and accident rates. Then, factors affecting tunnel slope,
length, and curvature radius are identified, and the threshold values for slope
and slope length under different influencing factors are analyzed. The results
show the following: (1) Under the same longitudinal slope, downhill sections
exhibit a higher accident rate than uphill sections. Under the same slope,
trucks are more affected by slope length, and the accident rate increases
sharply when the tunnel′s curvature radius is less than 600 m. (2) The factors affecting tunnel slope
primarily include locomotive climbing performance, climbing balance speed,
allowable climbing speed, and operational ventilation. The factors affecting
slope length is brake temperature, while the factors influencing curvature
radius primarily include vehicle headlight scattering angle, sight distance,
cross slope, driving safety, and operational ventilation. (3) Based on factors
affecting tunnel slope, the threshold for the longitudinal slope of spiral
tunnels with large longitudinal slope and small-radius
is determined. Using a brake hub temperature of 200 ℃ as a control benchmark, and in combination with safety evaluation criteria,
tunnel slope length thresholds for different slopes and design speeds are provided. Additionally, based on
factors influencing curvature radius, the curvature radius threshold for spiral
tunnels with large longitudinal slope and small-radius
is established. (4) Based on the threshold values for slope, slope length, and
curvature radius, the maximum allowable longitudinal slope, design speeds for
different slopes, and geometric design recommendations for spiral tunnels with
large longitudinal slope and small-radius are provided.
