为探究长余辉自发光涂料产品最佳配比及工程敷设应用的可行性，借助光学+力学综合体系共计24项性能指标，在数理统计检验基础上，联合信息熵权法IEW+灰色关联度法GRA+多准则排序法VIKOR进行产品方案设计，并对其在隧道壁面的光环境效应进行场景实测+仿真验证。结果表明： 1)影响色差值及磨耗质量损失等性能变化的因素，作用程度由大到小排序为荧光粉水平＞填料水平＞颜料水平； 影响照度、亮度、荧光寿命及抗滑、黏附等性能变化的因素，作用程度由大到小排序为荧光粉水平＞颜料水平＞填料水平。2)基于光学体系指标评价涂料产品性能时,方案⑨最优、方案⑦和方案⑧依次次之； 基于力学和综合体系指标评价涂料产品性能时，方案⑤最优、方案⑥和方案④依次次之。3)隧道壁面敷设长余辉自发光涂料时，行车区域内照度和亮度特征参数分别为敷设普通涂料的1.3～1.5倍和2.5～2.8倍，而照度和亮度在断面域内波动程度前者分别为后者类型的1.2倍和2.9倍。4)场景仿真模拟能够准确合理表征长余辉自发光涂料在隧道壁面实际敷设应用光学工况，该类型涂料产品可有效增强隧道行车光环境，但需注意断面域内光环境特征参数的差异性影响。
To determine the optimal mixing ratio and assess the engineering applicability of long afterglow self-luminous coatings, a comprehensive product design strategy is implemented. This approach employs information entropy weight, gray relational analysis, and the VIKOR method based on mathematical and statistical testing of 24 optical and mechanical parameters. Additionally, the lighting performance in tunnel cross-sections is evaluated through field tests and simulations. The results reveal the following: (1) For factors influencing color difference and wear quality loss, the descending order of significance is fluorescent powder content > filler content > pigment content. For factors influencing illumination, brightness, fluorescence lifetime, anti-slip, and adhesion performance, the descending order is fluorescent powder content > pigment content > filler content. (2) Based on optical characteristics, scheme 9 exhibits the best performance, followed by schemes 7 and 8. When evaluated using mechanical and comprehensive performance parameters, scheme 5 performs best, followed by schemes 6 and 4. (3) Compared with conventional coatings, the long afterglow self-luminous coating yields 1.3－1.5 times higher average illumination and 2.5－2.8 times higher brightness in the driving zone. However, it also results in 1.2 times greater illumination fluctuation and 2.9 times greater brightness fluctuation. (4) The simulation model accurately reflects actual engineering conditions, confirming that long afterglow self-luminous coatings effectively enhance tunnel lighting. Nevertheless, attention must be paid to the adverse effects of ambient light variation in the tunnel vicinity.
