作为拓展城市用地维度的重要空间资源，城市地下空间总体规模逐年增加，其发展质量也受到多方面因素影响。为量化城市地下空间发展质量并探究其驱动力，基于多源数据，以城市地下空间发展质量为评价对象，选取我国22个具有代表性的城市，采用熵值法，从轨道交通、地下空间建设、地下空间韧性及社会发展4个维度进行评价，利用地理探测器对城市进行属性分级以识别主导驱动因子，并依据城市地下空间优劣势对其未来质量提升提出对策。结果表明： 1）深圳市地下空间发展质量最高，在评价体系中，地下空间韧性是权重值最高的维度，经济韧性是最重要的单项指标。2）宏观层面经济韧性的主导驱动作用最强，整体上要推动经济韧性与通勤保障、人口等因素的耦合；超大城市在提升经济韧性的同时要增加机构组织韧性与整合度的交互作用；特大城市要合理增加科研教育投入比。3）经济韧性第2阶段的城市要侧重于对增强型交互因子的投入，机构组织韧性应以6.699%为控制边界，当人口密度大于8 143人/km2时要提升地下设施的适配程度与使用效率。
Urban underground space is an essential resource for expanding urban land capacity, and its total scale has continued to grow. The authors evaluate the development quality of underground space in 22 representative Chinese cities using multi-source data and the entropy weight method, and they identify the primary driving forces with the geographical detector. The evaluation framework covers four dimensions: rail transit development, underground construction, underground-space resilience, and social development. Based on the comparative strengths and weaknesses, targeted strategies for improving development quality are proposed. Key findings are: (1) Shenzhen attains the highest development quality among surveyed cities. Within the evaluation system, underground-space resilience receives the highest weight, with economic resilience emerging as the most influential single indicator. (2) At the macro level, economic resilience is the primary driving influence; strengthening its coupling with commuting support and population dynamics is essential. For megacities, prioritizing the interaction between institutional-organizational resilience and spatial integration while advancing economic resilience is recommended. For large cities, increasing investment in scientific research and education is advised. (3) Cities in the intermediate stage of economic resilience should focus on improving interactive resilience factors. Institutional-organizational resilience should be kept below the threshold of 6.699%. When population density exceeds 8 143 persons/km2, improving the adaptability and utilization efficiency of underground-space facilities becomes particularly important.
