为解决TBM在极完整特硬岩地层中综合掘进效率低的问题，依托北山地下实验室项目，提出将TBM与爆破技术相结合进行施工的联合破岩技术，即通过爆破在掌子面前方岩体预先制造裂隙以降低岩体的完整性和整体强度，再利用TBM掘进。首先，进行数值分析，通过单孔、5孔和11孔模型探讨钻孔装药长度、钻孔间距和布置方式对爆破效果的影响。在此基础上，优化装药长度、钻孔间距、装药结构等爆破参数，开展侧向洞壁爆破试验，为掌子面爆破预裂-滚刀联合破岩试验选取合适的爆破参数： 单炮孔装药1卷（200 g），分3段间隔装药，设置空孔，同时起爆，防止岩体过度破坏的同时又能起到预裂的作用。最后，通过掌子面爆破预裂-滚刀联合破岩试验，验证爆破参数的合理性及爆破预裂-滚刀联合破岩技术的可行性，得出在装药段TBM掘进均速提高65.9％、非装药段TBM掘进均速提高29.9％，整个爆破循环段TBM掘进均速提高42.3%。结合“北山1号”TBM的刀盘布置，提出由刀盘预留孔+3台搭载式超前钻机组成的掌子面造孔系统，并提出依托北山地下实验室的试验设计和应用计划。

The overall excavation efficiency of tunnel boring machines (TBMs) in highly intact and extremely hard rock formations is low. To address this issue, a case study is conducted at the Beishan underground laboratory project, and a composite rock fragmentation technology integrating TBM excavation and blasting techniques is proposed. This technology prefabricates fractures in the rock mass ahead of the tunnel face through blasting. The induced prefracturing reduces the integrity and overall strength of the rock mass, after which the TBM performs subsequent excavation. First, numerical analyses are conducted to examine the effects of borehole charge length, borehole spacing, and borehole arrangement on blasting performance using single-hole, five-hole, and eleven-hole numerical models. On this basis, key blasting parameters, including charge length, borehole spacing, and charge structure, are optimized. Lateral tunnel wall blasting tests are then performed to determine feasible parameters for tunnel face presplitting blasting and combined TBM disc cutter rock fragmentation tests. Each borehole is charged with a single 200 g explosive cartridge using a three-stage decked charging mode; empty holes are arranged, and a simultaneous detonation scheme is adopted to avoid excessive rock mass damage while achieving a satisfactory presplitting effect. Finally, tunnel face presplitting blasting and TBM disc cutter combined rock fragmentation tests verify the rationality of the selected blasting parameters and the feasibility of the proposed composite technology. The results show that the average TBM tunneling speed increases by 65.9% in charged sections, 29.9% in uncharged sections, and 42.3% over the entire blasting cycle. A tunnel face borehole drilling system integrating reserved cutterhead holes and three cutterhead-mounted advance drilling rigs is proposed and is tested and applied at the Beishan underground laboratory.