盾构施工穿越黏性地层过程中，易发生刀盘结泥饼，导致掘进受阻，严重制约施工效率。针对施工现场降黏措施不稳定的问题，提出一种利用电渗透技术-化学改良技术协同降低黏土黏附性的方法，以揭示关键控制参数对降黏效果与能耗的影响规律，并评估其工程尺度适用性与优化取值范围。在不同电压、泥饼厚度和改良剂体积分数下，开展倾斜板和孔隙水迁移试验，构建横截面直径6.88 m、厚度1.5 m的等效尺寸数值模型,进行电-化协同降黏模拟分析。研究结果表明： 1）电压与降黏效果呈正相关，而在相同电压条件下泥饼厚度与降黏效果呈负相关； 2）室内试验条件下，当泥饼厚度为20 mm、改良剂体积分数为3%且电压为5 V时，降黏效果与能耗水平达到较优平衡； 3）数值模拟表明，低电压工况下降黏速率较慢且整体效果有限，随着电压升高降黏速率与影响范围显著提高，但在高电压区间增幅逐渐减小； 4）掺入渣土改良剂可显著扩大电渗降黏有效作用范围，在等效尺寸模型计算条件下，当电压为20 V、改良剂体积分数为3%时，电-化协同降黏整体效果最优。综上所述，电-化协同降黏方法可有效提升刀盘-黏土界面降黏效果，工程应用中应综合考虑能耗、地层条件与装备约束，优化电压与改良剂配比,以实现降黏效果与施工效率的综合最优。
During shield tunneling through cohesive ground, mud-cake formation on the cutterhead readily occurs, leading to excavation hindrance and severely constraining tunneling efficiency. To address the instability of anti-adhesion measures in field applications, this study proposes an electro-osmosis-chemical modification synergistic approach to reduce clay adhesiveness. It further investigates the effects of key control parameters on de-adhesion performance and energy consumption, and evaluates its engineering-scale applicability and optimal parameter ranges. Inclined-plane tests and pore-water migration experiments are conducted under varying voltages, mud-cake thicknesses, and modifier dosages. An equivalent-scale numerical model (cross-sectional diameter of 6.88 m and thickness of 1.5 m) is developed to simulate and analyze the electrochemical synergistic de-adhesion process. The results indicate the following: (1) De-adhesion performance increases with increasing voltage but decreases with increasing mud-cake thickness at a given voltage. (2) Under laboratory conditions, a favorable balance between de-adhesion performance and energy consumption is achieved when the mud-cake thickness is 20 mm, the modifier dosage is 3%, and the applied voltage is 5 V. (3) Numerical simulations show that under low-voltage conditions, the de-adhesion rate is slow, and the overall effectiveness is limited. As the voltage increases, both the de-adhesion rate and the affected zone increase markedly, whereas the incremental gains gradually diminish in the highvoltage regime. (4) Incorporating the soilconditioning agent markedly expands the effective influence zone of electro-osmotic de-adhesion. Under the equivalent-scale numerical model, the overall electrochemical synergistic de-adhesion performance is optimal at 20 V with a 3% modifier dosage. In summary, the electrochemical synergistic de-adhesion approach effectively enhances the anti-adhesion performance at the cutterhead-clay interface. For engineering applications, the voltage and modifier formulation should be optimized by jointly considering energy consumption, ground conditions, and equipment constraints to optimize the de-adhesion performance and tunneling efficiency.
