针对高水压强渗透地层盾构地中对接多工序耦合、高水压密封、钢壳混凝土填充等技术难题，依托江阴靖江长江隧道工程，基于足尺模型试验平台，构建多阶段递进式试验方法。该方法按施工顺序串联盾壳钻孔、分段后退式注浆、渗漏应急处置、冷冻贴壁热作业及钢壳混凝土填充5项技术，完成30余次递进式试验。研究表明： 1）构建的多阶段递进式试验方法适用于复杂工况的盾构地中对接技术验证，即以足尺模型试验平台为核心载体，可实现1.0 MPa高水压、强渗透、低温冻结等多场耦合工况的精准复现，为复杂地层盾构地中对接提供了一种系统化、可复制的试验验证路径。2）试验研究量化了关键技术参数，钻孔确立的四点一线定位法实现了80 mm厚盾壳小角度钻孔角度偏差不大于0.2°； [JP2]注浆提出的双控及分级压力控制指标验证了渗漏应急处置措施对6类风险场景的有效性； 钢壳混凝土提出的优化排气与压密注浆等措施解决了脱空与胀模的问题。3）将研究成果应用于江阴靖江长江隧道盾构地中对接工程，验证了多阶段递进式试验方法的可靠性与适用性，可为高水压、强渗透、大埋深盾构地中对接提供技术范例。
In response to technical challenges such as multiprocess coupling during shield docking in high-pressure and high-permeability strata, high-pressure sealing, and steel shell concrete filling, a case study is conducted on the Jiangyin-Jingjiang Yangtze River Tunnel Project. A full-scale model test platform was designed and developed, and an innovative multistage progressive test method was constructed. This method sequentially connects five technologies in their construction sequence: shield shell drilling, segmented retreat grouting, leakage emergency handling, freezing wall thermal operation, and steel shell concrete filling. Over 30 progressive tests were completed, leading to the following conclusions: (1) The constructed multistage progressive test method is suitable for verifying shield docking under complex conditions. Utilizing the full-scale model test platform as its core carrier, this method accurately reproduces multifield coupling conditions such as 1.0 MPa high pressure, strong permeability, and low-temperature freezing. It provides a systematic and replicable test verification path for shield docking in complex strata. (2) The test quantified key technical parameters. A “four-point-one-line” positioning method was established for drilling, achieving a deviation of no more than 0.2° during small-angle drilling of the 80 mm-thick shield shell. Dual control and grade pressure control indicators were determined for grouting. The effectiveness of disposal measures for six types of risk scenarios was verified in leakage emergency treatment. Furthermore, measures such as optimized exhaust and compaction grouting were proposed to address issues of voiding and mold expansion in steel shell concrete. (3) The results were successfully applied to the shield docking of the Jiangyin-Jingjiang Yangtze River Tunnel. The engineering practice confirmed the reliability and universality of the proposed method, offering a valuable technical precedent for shield docking in high-pressure, strong permeability, and deep-buried conditions.
