为解决地下洞室深孔台阶爆破单孔药量大、振动控制难等问题，采用孔内分段装药结构与安德森波形叠加理论相结合的方法，在减少单段药量和增加炮孔利用率的基础上，得到最优孔内间隔装药毫秒延时起爆与孔间延时起爆的延时时差，最大限度地降低地下洞室深孔台阶爆破产生的振动。通过原位孔内分段装药结构的单孔爆破试验，获取单孔上部装药段与下部装药段的单段爆破振动波形； 利用MATLAB拟合实测单段爆破振动波形（简称“单段波形”）确定上部装药段和下部装药段（分别简称“上段”和“下段”）爆破单段波形函数表达式，重构得到不同药量的单段波形，将2段波形按不同孔内延时间隔叠加得到完整单孔爆破振动波形，峰值最小的波形所对应的延时间隔为最优孔内延时间隔； 再将爆区内全部炮孔的单段波形按不同孔间延时间隔进行线性叠加，得到延时间隔、药量与多孔叠加波形振速峰值的量化关系，求解出孔内延时间隔和孔间延时间隔的最优解。通过开展验证试验和现场应用，当爆心距为331 m时，计算得到地下洞室深孔台阶孔内分段爆破上段和下段药量分别为11.7 kg和12.6 kg，孔内和孔间电子雷管最优延时间隔分别为6 ms和50 ms，可以将爆破振速峰值控制到最小，预测值分别为0.11 cm/s和0.25 cm/s，与实测值相差4%，验证了该方法的可行性和准确性。

To address the issues of large single-hole charge quantity and difficult vibration control in deep-hole bench blasting of underground caverns， a method combining the in-hole segmented loading structure with the Anderson wave superposition principle is adopted. On the basis of reducing the single-segment charge quantity and increasing the utilization rate of blast holes， the optimal in-hole interval loading millisecond delay initiation and the inter-hole delay initiation time difference are obtained， which maximally reduces the vibration generated by deep-hole bench blasting in underground caverns. Through insitu single-hole in-hole segmented loading structure blasting tests， the single-segment blasting vibration waveforms of the upper and lower loading sections of a single hole are obtained. The single-segment waveform functions of the upper and lower sections are determined by fitting the measured single-segment waveforms using MATLAB. Different single-segment waveforms with different charge quantities are reconstructed， and the complete single-hole blasting vibration waveforms are obtained by superimposing the two waveforms at different in-hole delay intervals. The in-hole delay interval corresponding to the waveform with the minimum peak value is the optimal in-hole delay interval. Then， the single-segment waveforms of all blast holes in the blasting area are linearly superimposed at different inter-hole delay intervals to obtain the quantitative relationship among the delay interval， charge quantity， and the peak value of the multi-hole superimposed waveform. The optimal solutions for the in-hole delay interval and the inter-hole delay interval are solved. Through verification tests and field tests， when the blast center distance is 331 m， the optimal charge quantities of the upper and lower sections of the in-hole segmented loading structure for deep-hole bench blasting in underground chambers are calculated to be 11.7 and 12.6 kg respectively， and the optimal delay intervals of the electronic detonators for in-hole and inter-hole are 6 and 50 ms， respectively. The blasting vibration peak values could be controlled to the minimum， with the predicted values being 0.11 and 0.25 cm/s respectively， which differs by 4% from the measured values， verifying the feasibility and accuracy of the proposed method.