在岩溶地区修建隧道过程中进行岩溶超前预报，其必要性和重要性是毋庸置疑的。岩溶发育机理研究属于地质超前预报方法中地质分析法的范畴，其在隧道岩溶超前预报中同样发挥着基础指导作用。介绍岩溶隧道超前地质预报的任务以及岩溶发育机理的研究现状，并以长乐山隧道为例，对其进行岩溶发育分布规律研究，在此基础上有的放矢进行相应的探测预报，并综合解释探测结果及取得的良好预报效果。

It is of great necessity and importance to make advance karst prediction during tunnel construction in karst area. Researching on the karst development mechanisms, which falls in the scope of geological analysis methods, plays a basic and guiding role in the advance karst prediction in tunnel construction. The authors introduce the task of advance geological prediction in karst tunnel and the status of study on karst development mechanisms in this paper. Furthermore, taking Changleshan tunnel as an example, they study on the karst development and distribution pattern. On basis of the study results, they make geological forecasts and explain the forecast results, which achieves good prediction results.