施工通风是特长隧道施工组织设计中的一项重要任务，对特长隧道能否顺利建成具有关键性作用，以吕梁山特长铁路隧道5号斜井工区为例，根据长大斜井与正洞多工作面施工的特点，提出设计方案，并据此推算出施工风量布置风机，以选择合理通风方案，并针对该工区施工通风特点提出了建议。

 Construction ventilation is one of the most important aspects in the construction organization design of extralong tunnels and plays a key role for the successful completion of the extralong tunnels. Taking No. 5 inclined shaft working lot of Lvliangshang extralong railway tunnel as example, the authors present the features of the multiworking face construction of the long inclined shaft and the main tunnel, propose designed construction ventilation schemes and deduct the required air volume and the ventilation fan arrangement manner so as to select the reasonable ventilation scheme. Furthermore, regarding the features of the construction ventilation of the working lot, the authors make some recommendations.