青藏铁路风火山隧道海拔4900m，是目前世界上海拔最高的铁路隧道，高寒缺氧等自然条件成为风火山隧道施工的主要难题。通过对该隧道施工方法的介绍，总结出在高寒缺氧条件下，克服隧道开挖、衬砌、混凝土施工、隧道防水及排水、通风排烟、防寒保温等难题的具体办法，供以后类似隧道施工时参考。

Fenghuoshan tunnel on Qinghai～Tibet railway, with an altitude of 4900 meters, is at present the highest railway tunnel in the world. The natural conditions, such as the extremely coldness and oxygen deficiency, impose great difficulty for the construction of Fenghuoshan tunnel. On basis of presenting the construction methods of Fenghuoshan tunnel, the author summarizes the specific solutions for the excavation, lining, concrete construction, waterproofing and drainage, ventilation and exhaust air control and freezing prevention and thermal keeping of tunnels under extremely cold and oxygendeficient conditions, which can provide reference for similar works in the future.