介绍地铁盾构隧道施工中出现的主要质量缺陷，对造成这些质量缺陷的原因进行了分析，并提出了预防和克服质量缺陷的措施。分析表明：盾构隧道施工过程中的质量缺陷大多数是很常见的，并且相互影响，其中施工技术和施工操作是引起盾构隧道质量缺陷的最主要原因。

In the paper, the major quality defects occurring during the construction of shield tunnels are presented, the causes for the defects are analyzed and relevant countermeasures are recommended. The analysis indicates that most of the quality defects occurring during the construction of shield tunnels are common ones that are interrelated with each other and that the construction technologies and construction operations are the major factors responsible for the quality defects of shield tunnels.