隧道空气动力学是隧道设计中面临的一个主要问题。高速列车进出隧道、两高速列车在隧道内相会时，会引起噪声及车厢内压力的变化，不仅对乘客及环境造成损害，也对列车的稳定、走行阻力以及车体构造都有影响，还会危及隧道中作业人员的安全。因此，开展高速列车隧道空气动力学的研究，是隧道设计和既有隧道改造的重要依据。这类问题研究方法很多，主要有：模型实验、数值模拟、现场实测。模型实验研究是较为经济、可靠的方法。在收集大量国内外模型实验研究文献的基础上汇集、论述了浅水槽、各种发射式列车模型实验研究方法的实验原理、实验系统配置及检测方法。并对各种方法进行了比较，得出摩擦发射式列车模型实验是最理想的实验研究方法。

Aerodynamics in a tunnel is a main subject in the tunnel design. If two highspeed trains meet in a tunnel, noise is always induced and pressure in carriages changes, which can be harmful to passengers in the train and workers in the tunnel and also affects the stabilization and the moving resistance of train. So it is very important for the tunnel designers to spend more time on aerodynamics in a tunnel. Some methods such as model experiment, numerical simulation and insitu measurement have been used to research the aerodynamics in a tunnel. According to some useful experimental results overseas, the experiment principals, the experiment configuration and the validation methods of different emissiontype trains and the shallow water tank are discussed in this paper. The results show that the best method is making experiment by the frictionemissiontype train.