通过对硬岩掘进机刀具的一般工作状态描述，界定了刀具的受力要素，对刀具进行了受力分析及失效状态分析，提出了控制刀具受力状态、防止刀具过早失效的措施。

The normal working conditions of the cutters of hard rock TBMs is described, the mechanical factors of the cutters are defined, mechanical analysis and failure analysis are made for the cutters and countermeasures are recommended to control the mechanical conditions of the cutters so as to avoid premature failure of the cutters.