基于模拟驾驶的特长城市隧道疲劳敏感区优化方法试验

doi:10.3973/j.issn.2096-4498.2026.02.007

隧道建设（中英文） ›› 2026, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (2): 310-321.DOI: 10.3973/j.issn.2096-4498.2026.02.007

基于模拟驾驶的特长城市隧道疲劳敏感区优化方法试验

伊轩轩¹，潘婷¹，杜志刚^2，*，贺世明²

（1. 上海市城市建设设计研究总院（集团）有限公司，上海 200125；2. 武汉理工大学交通与物流工程学院，湖北武汉 430063）

出版日期:2026-02-20 发布日期:2026-02-20
作者简介:伊轩轩（1983—），男，山东济宁人，2010年毕业于同济大学，道路与铁道工程专业，硕士，高级工程师，现从事道路交通规划设计技术工作。 E-mail： 17740355@qq.com。 *通信作者: 杜志刚, E-mail: zhig_du7@163.com。

Experimental Study on Optimization of Fatigue-Sensitive Zones for Extra-Long Urban Tunnels Based on Simulated Driving

YI Xuanxuan¹, PAN Ting¹, DU Zhigang^{2, *}, HE Shiming²

(1. Shanghai Urban Construction Design & Research Institute (Group) Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200125, China; 2. School of Transportation and Logistics Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430063, Hubei, China)

Online:2026-02-20 Published:2026-02-20

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 针对城市隧道疲劳敏感区中驾驶人疲劳初现难以察觉、疲劳加重警觉性下降以及持续疲劳状态难以逆转的问题，基于侧壁韵律类型构建3类视觉干预方案：采用重复型韵律进行疲劳提醒、交错型组合韵律进行疲劳警示、起伏型组合韵律实现疲劳唤醒。通过构建模拟驾驶平台，设计空白组无韵律模式及上述隧道侧壁韵律模式。重点考察不同车道位置（左、中、右）驾驶人的视觉行为（注视与扫视），定量评估其视觉疲劳风险。研究结果表明： 1)韵律模式显著影响视觉疲劳风险，疲劳风险强度排序为空白组 > 重复型韵律 > 交错型组合韵律 > 起伏型组合韵律，证明引入并优化韵律型可有效降低视觉疲劳。2)疲劳敏感区呈现明显的车道空间分布特征，视觉疲劳依车道位置呈现显著差异（左车道 > 右车道 > 中心车道）。3)左车道因有效视野最小且距侧壁最近，成为最突出的疲劳敏感区。4)基于韵律模式效果及车道敏感区特征，结合工程可行性，提出关键优化方法，即在城市隧道疲劳敏感区优先采用交错型组合韵律，在条件允许时可采用效果最优的起伏型组合韵律。

关键词: 特长城市隧道, 韵律型诱导, 疲劳敏感区, 视觉疲劳风险, 因子分析

Abstract: When driving in fatigue-sensitive zones of urban tunnels, fatigue onset is challenging to detect, alertness levels decrease with fatigue aggravation, and the continuous fatigued state becomes increasingly challenging to counteract. To address these issues, three distinct visual-intervention schemes are developed based on tunnel-sidewall rhythms: a repetitive rhythm for fatigue reminders, a staggered combined rhythm for fatigue warnings, and an undulating combined rhythm for fatigue arousal. Next, a simulated driving platform is constructed, incorporating a blank set of no-rhythmic modes and the aforementioned tunnelsidewall rhythms. Drivers′ visual behaviors (fixation and saccade) across different lane positions (left, middle, and right) are analyzed to quantitatively assess their visual-fatigue risks, and the results indicate the following. (1) Rhythm patterns significantly influence visual-fatigue risk, with the observed risk intensity following the order: control group > repetitive rhythm > staggered combined rhythm > undulating combined rhythm, confirming that sidewall-rhythm incorporation and optimization effectively mitigate visual fatigue. (2) Fatigue-sensitive zones exhibit distinct spatial-distribution characteristics across lanes, with visual fatigue varying significantly by lane position in the following order: left lane > right lane > middle lane. (3) The left lane emerges as the most prominent 〖HJ2mm〗fatigue-sensitive zone because of its narrowest effective field of view and immediate proximity to the tunnel sidewall, which increase visual stress. (4) Based on the effectiveness of rhythm patterns, lane-sensitive characteristics, and engineering feasibility, the following crucial optimization methods are proposed: the staggered combined rhythm should be prioritized in fatigue-sensitive zones of urban tunnels, whereas the most effective undulating combined rhythm should be prioritized where conditions permit.

Key words: extralong urban tunnels, rhythmic guidance, fatigue-sensitive zone, visual-fatigue risk, factor analysis

伊轩轩, 潘婷, 杜志刚, 贺世明. 基于模拟驾驶的特长城市隧道疲劳敏感区优化方法试验[J]. 隧道建设, 2026, 46(2): 310-321.

YI Xuanxuan, PAN Ting, DU Zhigang, HE Shiming. Experimental Study on Optimization of Fatigue-Sensitive Zones for Extra-Long Urban Tunnels Based on Simulated Driving[J]. Tunnel Construction, 2026, 46(2): 310-321.

基于模拟驾驶的特长城市隧道疲劳敏感区优化方法试验

Experimental Study on Optimization of Fatigue-Sensitive Zones for Extra-Long Urban Tunnels Based on Simulated Driving

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