Application Status and Prospects of Artificial Ground Freezing Technology in China（人工冻结法应用现状与展望）

doi:10.3973/j.issn.2096-4498.2026.05.001

隧道建设（中英文） ›› 2026, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (5): 895-918.DOI: 10.3973/j.issn.2096-4498.2026.05.001

Application Status and Prospects of Artificial Ground Freezing Technology in China（人工冻结法应用现状与展望）

杨平，李敬昊，张婷

（南京林业大学土木工程学院，江苏南京 210037）

出版日期:2026-05-20 发布日期:2026-05-20
作者简介:杨平（1964—），男，江西樟树人，1988年毕业于淮南矿业学院，矿井建设专业，硕士，教授，现从事岩土与地下工程的教学与研究工作。E-mail： yangping@njfu.edu.cn。

Application Status and Prospects of Artificial Ground Freezing Technology in China

YANG Ping, LI Jinghao, ZHANG Ting

(School of Civil Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, Jiangsu, China)

Online:2026-05-20 Published:2026-05-20

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

在人工冻结法引入我国70周年之际，全面回顾人工冻结法在我国的应用现状，并提出发展展望。人工冻结法因其安全可靠性好、能够隔绝地下水、适用范围广等优点作为地层加固工法从而得到广泛应用，并已积累丰富的工程实践成果，然而其应用形式复杂多样且缺乏全面、系统的总结。针对当前人工冻结法应用现状的复杂性，结合有代表性、标志性的工程案例，全面梳理人工冻结法在各工程领域的应用与技术发展，分析现有人工冻结方案的优缺点，包括矿山工程冻结法凿井、盾构隧道端头加固、联络通道加固、盾构脱困与地中对接、工程抢险与修复等领域，以及其他领域的推广应用现状。阐述人工冻结法关键施工技术的最新进展，包括新型低温冷媒人工制冷技术开始走向工程实践，大体量市政冻结工程推动冻胀融沉控制技术贯穿冻结设计与施工全过程，冻结孔施工工艺在适应各种复杂工况中不断改进创新，深井冻结在长期实践中形成了多圈孔冻结工艺，冻结周期较长的冻结法凿井领域正积极探索智能化技术应用实践。最后，聚焦人工冻结法在实际工程应用中存在的问题与未来工程需求，对人工冻结技术进行展望，提出大体量冻结环境效应控制技术、新型低温冷媒冻结技术、超长超深冻结孔定向钻进技术、个性化工程需求的冻结设计与施工技术、更高效节能与智能化冻结新技术以及开发应用其他领域的冻结技术等6个未来发展方向。

关键词: 冻结法, 地下工程, 盾构隧道, 端头加固, 联络通道加固, 盾构脱困, 盾构地中对接, 人工制冷技术, 冻胀融沉控制技术, 深井冻结技术

Abstract:

Commemorating the 70th anniversary of artificial ground freezing (AGF) technology in China, the authors detail its application status and propound development prospects. Owing to its high safety and reliability, excellent watertightness, and versatility, AGF has been widely adopted as a practical ground improvement technique, supporting extensive engineering practices. However, its application diversity and complexity account for a lack of comprehensive, systematic overviews. By exploring representative landmark engineering cases, existing AGF application complexities and technical developments across various fields are systematically summarized, analyzing the strengths and limitations. The review covers AGF applications in mine shaft sinking, shield tunnel end foundation improvement, cross-passage construction, underground shield-chamber intervention and shield docking, and emergency sealing and restoration; it pursues the promotion and application status of AGF across other fields. The following recent advances in key AGF construction technology are elaborated: the emergence and gradual application of low-temperature refrigerant-based artificial refrigeration technology in engineering, the integrated control of frost heave and thaw settlement in large-scale municipal freezing projects throughout the project design and construction, continuous improvement and innovation in freezing hole construction techniques to adapt to complex geological conditions, the development of multicircle-hole freezing process through deep shaft freezing with long-term practice, and the active application of intelligent technologies in freezing shaft sinking for prolonged freezing. Finally, this review addresses the current challenges of the practical engineering of AGF and the future by proposing six key development directions: the control of the environmental effects of large-scale freezing, the development of freezing technology based on the emerging low-temperature refrigerant, directional drilling of ultralong/ultradeep freezing holes, development of customized freezing designs and construction schemes for specific projects, development of more efficient and intelligent freezing technology, and the expansion of the application of freezing technology to other fields.

Key words: artificial ground freezing, underground engineering, shield tunnel, end improvement, cross-passage reinforcement, shiled jamming release, shield docking, artificial refrigeration technology, frost heave and thaw settlement control technology, deep-hole freezing technology

杨平, 李敬昊, 张婷. Application Status and Prospects of Artificial Ground Freezing Technology in China（人工冻结法应用现状与展望）[J]. 隧道建设, 2026, 46(5): 895-918.

YANG Ping, LI Jinghao, ZHANG Ting. Application Status and Prospects of Artificial Ground Freezing Technology in China[J]. Tunnel Construction, 2026, 46(5): 895-918.

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Application Status and Prospects of Artificial Ground Freezing Technology in China（人工冻结法应用现状与展望）

Application Status and Prospects of Artificial Ground Freezing Technology in China

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