关键词: 隧道, 矿山法, 锚杆商品化, 附着强度, 剪切强度, 充填饱满度, 注浆式锚杆, 摩擦式锚杆, 纤维锚杆, 发光型简易锚杆轴力计

Abstract:

In this paper, the major limitations of application of anchor bolt to tunnel in China are analyzed, which mainly include: 1) Nonindustrialization of anchor bolt. 2) Merely using grouting anchor bolt regardless of other types. 3) Gasket is not applied for anchor bolt. 4) The anchor bolt function is simple. 5) Poor anchor bolt construction management system. In order to address these problems, the following issues are discussed: 1) The anchor bolt function should be fully reassessed. 2) The anchor bolt should be standardized and the manufacturing of the anchor bolt should be industrialized, for which the BS of Codes for Anchor Bolt Technology is presented. 3) The methods to improve grouting anchor bolt qualities, including improvement of the conglutination strength and shearing strength, filling fullness and management of anchor bolt, are emphatically presented. 4) The modification, specification, function, merits and application scope of frictional anchor bolts (e.g. ZAM expansive anchor, highperformance frictional anchor bolt and anchor bolt with functions of drainage and grouting) and fiber anchor bolts are presented. 5) The simplpe luminous meter for measuring anchor bolt axial stress is presented in comparison with conventional stress meter. The results show that the indexes of simple luminous axial force meter matches those of conventional anchor bolt. Finally, some suggestions, including improvement of industrialization of anchor bolt, anchor bolt standard compiling, improvement of support structure of anchor bolt and surrounding rocks, study on frictional anchor bolt and filling fullness estimation method of anchor bolt, are given.

Key words: tunneling, mining method, anchor bolt industrialization, conglutination strength, shearing strength, filling fullness, grouting anchor bolt, frictional anchor bolt, fiber anchor bolt, simple luminous axial force meter