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隧道建设（中英文） ›› 2026, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (7): 1493-1501.DOI: 10.3973/j.issn.2096-4498.2026.07.010

• 研究与探索 • 上一篇    下一篇

循环压力下压缩空气储能地下洞室柔性密封材料陷缝损伤及渗透性演化规律

叶一航1， 闻锐2， 夏才初3， 4， 5， *， 徐晨3， 4， 5， 秦世康6   

  1. （1. 宁波大学岩石力学研究所， 浙江 宁波 315211； 2. 上海勘测设计研究院有限公司水利分院， 上海 200434；3. 宁波大学岩石力学研究所 全省岩石力学与地质灾害重点实验室， 浙江 宁波 315211； 4. 宁波大学宁波市能源地下结构重点实验室， 浙江 宁波 315211； 5. 宁波大学岩石力学研究所 深部金属矿智能开采与装备全国重点实验室， 浙江 宁波 315211； 6. 同济大学土木工程学院， 上海 200092）
  • 出版日期:2026-07-20 发布日期:2026-07-20
  • 作者简介:叶一航（2000—），男，浙江温州人，宁波大学力学专业在读博士，研究方向为地下硐室储能技术。 E-mail： 2311110137@nbu.edu.cn。 *通信作者： 夏才初， E-mail: tjxiaccb@126.com。

Damage and Permeability Evolution of Flexible Sealing Material in Underground Compressed Air Energy Storage Caverns Under Cyclic Pressure

YE Yihang1, WEN Rui2, XIA Caichu3, 4, 5, *, XU Chen3, 4, 5, QIN Shikang6   

  1. (1. Institute of Rock Mechanics, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang, China; 2. Water Resources Branch of Shanghai Investigation, Design & Research Institute Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200434, China; 3. Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Rock Mechanics and Geohazards, Institute of Rock Mechanics, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang, China; 4. Ningbo Key Laboratory of Energy Geostructure, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang, China; 5. State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Deep Metal Mining and Equipment, Institute of Rock Mechanics, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang, China; 6. College of Civil Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, Shanghai China)
  • Online:2026-07-20 Published:2026-07-20

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摘要： 为解决压缩空气储能（CAES）地下洞室在周期性高内压作用下的密封层陷缝损伤问题，研发柔性密封材料陷缝破坏试验系统，开展不同厚度丁基橡胶密封材料在循环加压条件下的陷缝试验； 试验结束后，先观察其表面损伤演化，再对试样进行渗透性测试，从而系统研究其气密性能退化规律。试验结果表明： 1）随着循环加压次数增加，材料表面损伤逐渐加剧，表现为压痕区域凹陷加深并萌生宏观裂缝；随着循环加压次数的增加，材料的渗透系数不断上升，从而严重影响其结构完整性和密封功能。2）增加材料厚度能够有效抑制损伤的累积，且厚度越大，渗透系数的上升幅度越小。丁基橡胶的损伤演化与渗透系数呈强关联性，渗透系数随损伤累积逐渐上升，二者关系近似符合幂函数模型。3）通过建立不同厚度下循环加压次数与渗透系数的关系式，并结合实际工况进行拟合分析，揭示了密封材料厚度与疲劳寿命之间的关系。当丁基橡胶厚度大于6 mm时，可满足内压为10 MPa的CAES洞室设计运营周期不少于30年的密封性能要求。

关键词: 循环压力, 地下洞室, 柔性密封, 丁基橡胶, 陷缝损伤, 渗透性

Abstract: Seam-collapse damage occurs in the sealing layers of underground compressed air energy storage (CAES) caverns subjected to cyclic high internal pressure. To address this challenge, a system for evaluating flexible sealing materials was developed. Seam-collapse tests were conducted on butyl rubber under cyclic pressure to systematically investigate the evolution of damage and air permeability. After testing, surface damage was observed, followed by permeability tests. With increasing pressurization cycles, surface damage intensified, characterized by deepening depressions in the indentation area and the initiation of macroscopic cracking. In addition, the permeability coefficient increases during cycling, severely affecting the structural integrity and sealing function of the material. Increasing the material thickness effectively inhibits damage accumulation, thereby reducing the increase in the permeability coefficient during cycling. A strong correlation was observed between damage evolution and the permeability coefficient of butyl rubber, which was approximately described by a power-law model. By establishing relationships between the number of pressurization cycles and the permeability coefficient for different material thicknesses and by fitting the results to practical operating conditions, a relationship between sealing material thickness and fatigue life was obtained. A butyl rubber thickness of at least 6 mm is necessary to satisfy the sealing performance requirements for a CAES cavern with an internal pressure of 10 MPa and a designed minimum operational life of 30 years.

Key words: cyclic pressure, underground cavern, flexible seal, butyl rubber, seam-collapse damage, permeability

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