针对某盾构主轴承HBW、EP2油脂耗量过大的问题，通过分析计算油脂理论消耗量与现场统计盾构主轴承油脂实际消耗量，得出HBW、EP2油脂的实际消耗量与理论消耗量的比值分别为2.6,3.1。从主轴承密封结构、油脂注入系统原理、油脂注入程序设置、管路布置、执行元件性能等多个方面进行详细分析，总结出控制程序设计不合理、油脂泵压力设定不当等造成油脂耗量过大的主要原因，并提出相应改进措施，为设备使用和厂家后续设备优化、改造提供参考。

The consumption quantities of HBW and EP2 of the main bearing of a shield are too high. The ratios between the actual consumption quantities of HBW and EP2 and the theoretical values are 2.6 and 3.1 respectively. The reasons for the high grease consumption quantities are analyzed in terms of the sealing structure of the main bearing, the principle of the grease injection system, the setting of the grease injection control program, the layout of the grease injection circuit and the performance of the grease injection devices. It is concluded that the improper design of the grease injection control program and the improper setting of the pressure of the grease pumps are main reasons for the high grease consumption quantities. Furthermore, optimization measures are proposed to reduce the grease consumption quantities. The paper can provide reference for shield users and shield manufacturers. 