TBM施工是一个复杂的系统工程，涉及的专业多、领域广，需要各个制约因素的高效集成，充分确保TBM设备利用率，加快施工进度，是体现TBM优势的关键。将影响TBM施工的各项因素归结为“人、机、料、法、环”5个方面进行研究。结果表明，通过培养高素质的人员管理队伍、保障完好的设备状态加之对材料供应、施工方法、环境控制等方面的科学管理，能够发挥人员的主观能动性、降低施工风险、体现设备的先进性，使快速掘进得以实现。

Tunneling by TBM is a complex and systematic project, which involves many disciplinary fields and has multiple constraints. Ensuring the availability of the equipment and accelerating the construction progress are keys of tunneling by TBM. Factors affecting TBM tunneling can be summarized as “4M+1E” (Man, Machine, Material, Method and Environment). The study result shows that highquality management team, good equipment condition and scientific management of material supply, construction methods and environment can bring man’s initiatives into full play, can minimize the construction risks, can make full use of the advantages of the equipment and can achieve rapid boring. 