大变形是现今隧道工程的重点难题。分析国内外大变形的定义、分类与机制、判定标准、控制理论与措施等，对隧道围岩大变形进行细致梳理与归纳总结。阐述挤压大变形的控制思路，提出尽可能发挥支护体系提升与改善围岩承载能力的作用，而非仅被动地承载；
探讨现今挤压大变形的重点研究方向与突破点； 提出高强预应力一次（型）支护体系，并介绍其组成及相应的关键点，强调“预应力”在整个支护体系中的核心地位； 最后，通过现场试验验证所提出的高强预应力一次（型）支护体系可较好地控制挤压大变形围岩的位移，并缩短变形稳定时间。
李志军
,
郭新新
,
马振旺
,
杨铁轮
,
徐建强
. Research Status and Highstrength Prestressed Primary (type)（挤压大变形隧道研究现状及高强预应力一次（型）支护体系）[J]. 隧道建设, 2020
, 40(6)
: 769
-782
.
DOI: 10.3973/j.issn.2096-4498.2020.06.001
Large deformation is a key problem in tunnel
engineering. In this paper, the definition, classification and mechanism,
judgment criteria, control theory and measures for large deformation of
surrounding rock in China and abroad are analyzed and summarized. Meanwhile,
the control philosophy of large squeezing deformation is introduced, and
suggestion that full play should be paid to the role of the support system in
improving the loadbearing capacity of the surrounding
rock as much as possible rather than passive loadbearing
is put forward. Furthermore, the key research trend and breakthrough point of
the large squeezing deformation are discussed, and the highstrength prestressed primary (type) support
system and its components and key points are proposed by emphasizing its core
importance in the support system. Finally, it is verified by means of field
test that the proposed highstrength prestressed primary (type) support system can better control the
displacement of the large deformation surrounding rock and shorten the time for
the deformation to become stable. The research results can provide a feasible
new concept and support technology system for the contorl of the large
deformation of tunnels of the same type.
