盾构隧道防水密封垫往往采用实心形式的角部构造，在大直径越江盾构隧道施工拼装时，密封垫角部容易发生起“鼓”问题，导致管片角部混凝土出现应力集中现象，甚至发生碎裂。为减小盾构管片拼装时因密封垫角部挤压造成的混凝土碎裂风险，为防水密封垫角部构造优化设计提供试验依据，结合杭州市香积寺路西延工程软弱地层大直径盾构隧道防水工程实例，研究角部不同开孔方式对密封垫受压过程中压缩力指标的影响规律。研究采用对比试验的方法，设计不同开孔数量及开孔半径组合的5种密封垫角部构造形式，分别进行闭合压缩试验并与标准形式密封垫的试验数据进行对比分析。试验结果表明，在角部开双孔（半径8 mm）且孔位位于中心的方案闭合压缩力为76.10 kN/m，较不开孔时减小38.3%，能满足拼装的要求，同时其角部的接触应力为0.89 MPa，较不开孔时减小了24%，能在保持较大接触应力的情况下减小闭合压缩力。
Solid is usually adopted for corner structures of
shield tunnel waterproof gaskets. In the construction and assembly of a largediameter
shield tunnel crossing a river, the corner of the gasket is easily extruded.
This can easily lead to a concentration of stress or even fracturing of the
concrete in the corner segment. Accordingly, to provide an experimental basis
for the optimization of the design of the structure of a waterproof sealing
gasket corner, a case study is conducted on a waterproof engineering project
that involves the creation of a largediameter shield
tunnel within a soft stratum. The project studied is the Xiangjisi Road west
extension project in Hangzhou. This project is used to study how different
openings in the gasket affect the compression force in the gasket during the
process of compression. A total of five sealing gasket corner configurations
with different opening lengths and opening radii are designed. Closure
compression tests are carried out, and the test results are compared with those
for a standard sealing gasket. The experimental results show that, for a scheme
consisting of two holes with a radius of 8 mm in the corner of the gasket, the
closure compression force for the hole in the center is 76.10 kN/m, which is
38.3% less than for a scheme with no holes. This meets the requirements of the
assembly. The contact stress at the corner is found to be 0.89 MPa, which is a
reduction of 24% compared with the situation where there is no opening. It is
concluded that the closure compression force can be reduced while maintaining a
large contact stress.
