Full-Face Tunnel Boring Machines
(Shields/TBMs) in China: History, Achievements, and
Prospects（中国全断面隧道掘进机发展历程、成就及展望）

洪开荣; 杜彦良; 陈馈; 冯欢欢; 贾连辉; 徐飞

doi:10.3973/j.issn.2096-4498.2022.05.001

隧道建设 >

2022 , Vol. 42 >Issue 5: 739 - 756

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3973/j.issn.2096-4498.2022.05.001

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Full-Face Tunnel Boring Machines (Shields/TBMs) in China: History, Achievements, and Prospects（中国全断面隧道掘进机发展历程、成就及展望）

洪开荣 ,
杜彦良 ,
陈馈 ,
冯欢欢 ,
贾连辉 ,
徐飞

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（1. 中铁隧道局集团有限公司，广东广州 511458； 2. 盾构及掘进技术国家重点实验室，河南郑州 450001； 3. 石家庄铁道大学，河北石家庄 050043； 4. 中铁工程装备集团有限公司，河南郑州 450016）

洪开荣（1965—），男，湖南株洲人，1990年毕业于兰州铁道学院，桥梁与地下工程专业，博士，教授级高级工程师，现从事隧道与地下工程设计、施工、科研及管理工作。中铁隧道局集团有限公司总工程师，盾构及掘进技术国家重点实验室主任，中国土木工程学会隧道及地下工程分会副理事长兼秘书长，中原学者，国家“万人计划”科技创新领军人才，国务院政府特殊津贴专家。E-mail: ctg_kr@vip.163.com。*通信作者：冯欢欢， E-mail: skl_fhh@163.com。

网络出版日期: 2022-06-02

基金资助

国家重点研发计划（2020YFB1712100）；河南省自然科学基金项目（202300410002）

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Full-Face Tunnel Boring Machines (Shields/TBMs) in China: History, Achievements, and Prospects

HONG Kairong ,
DU Yanliang ,
CHEN Kui ,
FENG Huanhuan ,
JIA Lianhui ,
XU Fei

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(1. China Railway Tunnel Group Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 511458, Guangdong, China; 2. State Key Laboratory of Shield Machine and Boring Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China; 3. Shijiazhuang Tiedao University, Shijiazhuang 050043, Hebei, China; 4. China Railway Engineering Equipment Group Co., Ltd., Zhengzhou 450016, Henan, China)

Online published: 2022-06-02

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摘要

系统分析全断面隧道掘进机（特指盾构和TBM）装备技术在中国不同发展阶段的特征，并将其在中国的发展历程划分为艰辛探索自主研发、国外制造国外施工、国外制造自主施工、联合制造自主施工、自主制造自主施工、中国技术走出国门6个阶段。从重大工程建设、重大装备技术、技术发展特点3方面对中国盾构/TBM技术的发展成就进行系统性总结，并提出： 1）以大瑞铁路高黎贡山隧道为代表的超长山岭隧道、深圳春风隧道为代表的城市地下隧道、汕头海湾隧道为代表的穿江越海隧道等重大工程的修建，促进了盾构/TBM装备技术取得前所未有的进步； 2）以大直径泥水盾构、异形掘进机及复杂环境下TBM装备等为典型代表的重大装备技术，在自主设计制造能力方面取得较大突破； 3）盾构/TBM技术呈现出由常规断面向超大/微小断面、单一模式向多模式、圆形断面向异形断面、传统水平方向向多维度发展的特点。从多元化、智能化的角度，展望了未来全断面隧道掘进机的发展趋势，并从“地质可感”“装备可掘”“施工可控”3个方面，对隧道智能化装备与施工技术体系进行了论述，为工程勘察设计、装备选型设计及施工技术发展提出了新的研究方向。

关键词： 全断面隧道掘进机; 盾构; TBM; 重大装备; 重大工程; 智能化

本文引用格式

洪开荣 , 杜彦良 , 陈馈 , 冯欢欢 , 贾连辉 , 徐飞 . Full-Face Tunnel Boring Machines (Shields/TBMs) in China: History, Achievements, and Prospects（中国全断面隧道掘进机发展历程、成就及展望）[J]. 隧道建设, 2022 , 42(5) : 739 -756 . DOI: 10.3973/j.issn.2096-4498.2022.05.001

Abstract

The characteristics of the fullface tunnel boring machines (shields and TBMs) technologies in different development stages in China are analyzed and discussed. The development of the shield/TBM technologies in 〖HJ4mm〗China is divided into six stages, i.e., hard and independent exploration stage, foreign manufacturing and foreign construction stage, foreign manufacturing and independent construction stage, joint manufacturing and independent construction stage, independent manufacturing and independent construction stage, and goingabroad stage. The achievements of the shield/TBM technologies in China are systematically summarized from the aspects of major construction projects, major shield/TBM, and development characteristics. The following conclusions are drawn: (1) The construction of major projects, such as superlong mountaincrossing tunnels represented by Gaoligongshan tunnel on DaliRuili railway, underground urban tunnels represented by Chunfeng tunnel in Shenzhen, and sea/rivercrossing tunnels represented by Haiwan tunnel in Shantou, promotes the unprecedented progress of shield/TBM technologies. (2) Major shield/TBM technologies, typically represented by largediameter slurry shield technologies, noncircular shield/TBM technologies, and shield/TBM technologies in complex environment, have made great breakthroughs in terms of independent design and manufacturing capability. (3) The shield/TBM technologies demonstrate the characteristics of developing from the conventional crosssection to the superlarge/small crosssection, from single mode to multimode, from the circular crosssection to noncircular crosssection, and from the conventional horizontal direction to multidimension. Ultimately, the development trend of shield/TBM is analyzed from aspects of diversification and intelligentization, and the technical system for the intelligent shield/TBM is discussed in aspects of "sensibility", "excavatability", and "controllability".

Key words： full-face tunnel boring machine; shield; TBM; major equipment; major project; intelligentization

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