在沉管隧道建设中，基础不均匀沉降容易使沉管隧道发生差异变形，进而严重威胁沉管隧道的安全稳定性。因此，如何分析、控制基础不均匀沉降对沉管隧道使用安全和运营寿命的影响，是建设沉管隧道必须面对的难点和挑战。首先总结沉管隧道建设的发展和沉管隧道接头的特征； 其次，概述当前通过模型试验、数值模拟和理论解析已取得的研究进展，研究结果反映了目前沉管隧道在控制变形方面的发展水平，但在接头精细化模型以及复杂地质条件下沉管隧道全寿命研究方面尚存在不足； 最后，建议在有限元的研究基础上开展多场多尺度的精细化耦合分析，并针对复杂地基特性提出考虑地基随循环荷载-时间变化的沉管隧道受力变形分析方法。

During the construction of immersed tunnels, differential foundation settlement can easily induce uneven tunnel deformations, which seriously affects the safety and stability of immersed tunnels. Therefore, how to analyze and control the adverse effects of differential foundation settlement on the safety and operation of immersed tunnels is a difficult problem and a great challenge. First, the authors summarize the development of immersed tunnel construction and joint characteristics. Then，it followed by the research progress achieved through modelscale experiments, numerical simulations, and theoretical analyses is discussed. The results reflect the current level of development in controlling the deformation of immersed tunnels to some extent, but there are still deficiencies in the study of joint refinement modeling and analysis of immersed tunnels under complex geological conditions during the service life. Finally, it is suggested to carry out multifield and multiscale coupling analysis based on the finite element, and propose a forcedeformation analysis method for immersed tunnels considering the timevarying behavior of the foundation under cyclic loads.