为分析广西中西部岩溶区营运公路隧道土建结构的病害特征及其影响因素，对该区域5条高速公路上111座隧道的土建结构病害情况进行调研统计，从围岩等级、围岩岩性和隧道埋深3方面入手，对其中3条高速公路上的37座隧道的衬砌渗漏水和衬砌裂缝情况展开统计分析。通过统计得出结论，岩溶区营运公路隧道土建结构病害主要集中在衬砌、洞门、检修道和排水设施上；衬砌病害以裂缝和渗漏水为主。这2种病害与围岩等级、岩性和隧道埋深的关系为： 1）衬砌病害随着围岩等级的增加而加重，其中衬砌渗漏水主要集中在边墙处，衬砌裂缝以环形裂缝为主。2）衬砌渗漏水多数出现在一般石灰岩和白云质灰岩中，占比分别为46%和45.9%；衬砌裂缝在白云质灰岩中情况最严重，占比达61%；衬砌病害密度方面，渗漏水和裂缝的最大密度均在泥质岩段落，最小密度均在一般石灰岩段落，即泥质岩段落最易出现衬砌病害。3）衬砌渗漏水和裂缝全部出现在300 m埋深范围内，且71.31%的衬砌渗漏水和76.52%的衬砌裂缝均出现在100 m埋深段落内，随着隧道埋深的增加，衬砌渗漏水和裂缝病害均呈线性减少。
Arming at the
disease characteristics and its influencing factors of the civil structures of
operating highway tunnels in the central and western karst area of Guangxi, the
structure disease of 111 tunnels on 5 highways in this area are investigated
and the lining leakage and lining cracks of 37 tunnels on 3 highways are
analyzed in detail from the aspects of surrounding rock grade, surrounding rock
lithology, and tunnel burial depth. Through statistics, it is concluded that in
the operation of highway tunnels in karst areas, the civil structural diseases
mainly locate in lining, portal, maintenance road, and drainage facilities. The
main lining diseases are cracks and water leakage, and the relationship between
these two diseases and the grade of surrounding rock, lithology, and buried
depth of tunnel is as follows: (1) The lining diseases are aggravated with the
promotion of surrounding rock grade, in which the lining leakage is mainly
concentrated in the sidewall, and the lining cracks are mainly annular cracks.
(2) Lining leakage mostly occurs in general limestone and dolomitic limestone,
accounting for 46% and 45.9% respectively; Lining cracks are the most serious
in dolomitic limestone, accounting for 61%; The maximum density of seepage and
crack is in argillaceous rock section, and the minimum density is in limestone
section, that is, argillaceous rock section is prone to lining diseases easily.
(3) The seepage and crack of lining all appear in 300 m buried depth, and 71.31%
of the seepage and 76.52% of the cracks appear in 100 m buried depth section;
With the increase of tunnel buried depth, the seepage and crack of lining
decrease linearly.
