为减少泥水平衡盾构渣土外运和处置成本，通过均匀试验和理论分析方法，探究粉质黏土地层泥水平衡盾构渣土替代膨润土制备同步注浆浆液的可行性。研究认为： 1）当粉质黏土地层泥水平衡盾构渣土与膨润土主成分相似时，从浆液性能与经济效益上来看，利用渣土完全替代膨润土并部分替代砂配制同步注浆浆液是可行的。2）单因素影响分析中，相较于土胶比，胶砂比对浆液密度、凝结时间、流动度的影响最显著，水胶比对浆液稠度、泌水率、28 d抗压强度的影响较显著。3）渣土掺入量越多，浆液中的蒙脱石和黏粒含量越多，浆液密度越大，凝结时间越短，流动度越低，强度越大。4）各因素交互影响分析中，对浆液密度、稠度、泌水率、凝结时间、流动度、28 d抗压强度交互影响较为显著的因素分别为土胶比与减水剂掺量、土胶比与减水剂掺量、胶砂比与土胶比、粉灰比与胶砂比、粉灰比与胶砂比、胶砂比与减水剂掺量。5）浆液配制时确定渣土中蒙脱石、黏粒和砂的含量以及各因素的水平范围是浆液配制成功的关键。

To minimize the costs of transporting and disposing of the muck from slurry shield tunneling in silty clay formation, the feasibility of using the muck from slurry shield tunneling in silty clay formation to replace bentonite in the preparation of synchronous grouting slurry is investigated through uniformity tests and theoretical analyses. The research results reveal the following: (1) When the main components of the muck from slurry shield tunneling in this type of formation are similar to those of bentonite, it is largely feasible to employ the muck to completely replace bentonite and partially substitute sand for the configuration of synchronous grouting slurry in terms of both slurry performance and economic benefits. (2) In the single-factor influence analysis, compared with the soil-to-binder ratio, the binder-to-sand ratio has a more pronounced impact on the density, setting time, and fluidity of the slurry, while the water-to-binder ratio has a more significant influence on the consistency, bleeding rate, and strength of the slurry. (3) The larger the amount of muck incorporated, the higher the contents of montmorillonite and clay particles in the slurry, leading to an increase in slurry density, a reduction in setting time, a decrease in fluidity, and an improvement in strength. (4) In the analysis of the interaction effects of various factors, the factors that have relatively significant interaction effects on the density, consistency, bleeding rate, setting time, fluidity, and 28-day compressive strength of the slurry are the soil-to-binder ratio and the water-reducing admixture, the binder-to-sand ratio and the soil-to-binder ratio, the fly ash-cement ratio and the binder-to-sand, the fly ash-to-cement ratio and the binder-to-sand ratio, the binder-to-sand ratio and the water-reducing admixture, respectively. (5) Determining the contents of montmorillonite, clay particles, and sand in the muck and the level ranges of each factor is crucial for the successful configuration of such slurries.