非煤地层隧道瓦斯等级合理性判定研究

doi:10.3973/j.issn.2096-4498.2025.05.004

隧道建设（中英文） ›› 2025, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (5): 895-905.DOI: 10.3973/j.issn.2096-4498.2025.05.004

非煤地层隧道瓦斯等级合理性判定研究

陈明浩^{1, 2}，周航¹，邱鹏³，徐正宣¹，李东¹，苏培东³，周小涵⁴

（1. 中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司，四川成都 610031； 2. 西南交通大学地球科学与工程学院，四川成都 611756； 3. 西南石油大学地球科学与技术学院，四川成都 610500； 4. 重庆大学土木工程学院，重庆 400045）

出版日期:2025-05-20 发布日期:2025-05-20
作者简介:陈明浩（1983—），男，重庆璧山人，西南交通大学交通运输专业在读工程博士，正高级工程师，现从事铁路工程地质勘察及有害气体勘察评价研究工作。E-mail： 123153881@qq.com。

Gas Grade Evaluation Method for Noncoal Stratum Tunnels

CHEN Minghao^{1, 2}, ZHOU Hang¹, QIU Peng³, XU Zhengxuan¹, LI Dong¹, SU Peidong³, ZHOU Xiaohan⁴

(1. China Railway Eryuan Engineering Group Co., Ltd., Chengdu 610031, Sichuan, China; 2. Faculty of Geosciences and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 611756, Sichuan, China; 3. School of Geoscience and Technology, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, Sichuan, China; 4. School of Civil Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China)

Online:2025-05-20 Published:2025-05-20

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 我国隧道工程中有害气体引发的工程灾害频发，主要涉及中毒窒息、燃烧爆炸及化学腐蚀等问题。针对煤层瓦斯目前已建立相对完整的勘察评价体系，而非煤瓦斯尚缺少较为准确合理的风险等级评价方法，严重制约非煤瓦斯隧道工程建设高质量发展。通过现场检测、原位试验、理论分析和实测计算等方法，研究非煤瓦斯气体在勘察和施工阶段的风险等级评价方法。研究结果表明： 1)在勘察阶段，一般非煤瓦斯区段可采用在勘察钻孔内开展“中途检测+终孔检测+封孔检测”的常规方法进行瓦斯等级判定，在高瓦斯区段需结合聚气试验和逸散试验，通过聚气速率(ν_g)和逸散曲线进一步判定瓦斯等级和瓦斯类型； 2)在施工阶段，开挖工作面绝对瓦斯涌出量(Q_绝)可通过实测风管压入通风量和优化后的断面瓦斯检测点准确实测； 3)开挖工作面前方瓦斯富集体绝对瓦斯涌出量(Q_绝)应结合超前地质预报工作，创新采用“TSP+超前钻孔+检测试验”方法进行实测； 4)非煤地层隧道瓦斯等级评价方法已在成渝中线高铁、市域(郊)铁路成都至眉山线成功应用并指导现场安全施工。

关键词: 非煤地层隧道, 瓦斯等级评价, 聚气试验, 逸散试验, 绝对瓦斯涌出量, 超前地质预报

Abstract: Engineering disasters caused by harmful gases in tunnels across China are frequent, primarily involving poisoning and asphyxiation, combustion, and chemical corrosion. While a relatively comprehensive survey and evaluation system has been established presently for coal seam gas, it is not well suited for noncoal strata. This inadequacy substantially hinders the high-quality development of noncoal gas tunnel construction. To address this issue, field detection, in-situ testing, theoretical analysis, and onsite measurement and calculation methods are employed to develop a gas risk level evaluation system for harmful gases in noncoal tunnels during survey and construction phases. The main findings are as follows: (1) During the survey phase, the conventional method of midway detection + final hole detection + hole sealing detection can be used to determine the gas grade in general noncoal gas sections through boreholes. In high gas concentration zones, gas accumulation and escape testing enable the determination of gas grade and type based on the gas accumulation rate (ν_g) and the escape curve. (2) During the construction phase, the absolute gas emission (Q_absolute) from the excavation face can be accurately measured using recorded air duct pressure ventilation data and an optimized layout of gas detection points. (3) The Q_absoluteof the gas pocket in front of the excavation face can be evaluated using an innovative method of tunnel seismic prediction + advance drilling + detection test, integrated with forward geological prediction work. (4) This gas grade evaluation method for noncoal stratum tunnels has been successfully applied in projects such as the Chengdu-Chongqing high-speed railway and the Chengdu-Meishan urban (suburban) railway line.

Key words: noncoal stratum tunnel, gas grade evaluation, gas accumulation testing, gas escape testing, absolute gas emission, advance geological prediction

陈明浩, 周航, 邱鹏, 徐正宣, 李东, 苏培东, 周小涵. 非煤地层隧道瓦斯等级合理性判定研究[J]. 隧道建设, 2025, 45(5): 895-905.

CHEN Minghao, ZHOU Hang, QIU Peng, XU Zhengxuan, LI Dong, SU Peidong, ZHOU Xiaohan. Gas Grade Evaluation Method for Noncoal Stratum Tunnels[J]. Tunnel Construction, 2025, 45(5): 895-905.

[1]	李术才, 王鑫, 郭伟东, 田箴言, 石少帅. An Advance Geological Detection Technology of Seismic Wave While Drilling in Mechanized Tunnel Construction by Drilling and Blasting Method（钻爆法机械化施工隧道随钻地震波超前地质探测技术研究）[J]. 隧道建设, 2024, 44(4): 617-632.
[2]	李雷, 邵质中, 蒋辉, 姚琦发. TST和CFC技术在管片拼装隧道超前地质预报中的改进和应用[J]. 隧道建设, 2023, 43(S2): 321-329.
[3]	谭忠盛, 吴金刚. Review and Prospects of Drilling and Blasting Tunnel Construction Technology in China（我国隧道钻爆法施工技术回顾与展望）[J]. 隧道建设, 2023, 43(6): 899-920.
[4]	王志坚, 童建军. Overview and Prospect of Researches on Intelligent Engineering Technologies for Tunnels Constructed by Drilling-and-Blasting Method（钻爆法隧道智能建造技术研究综述与展望）[J]. 隧道建设, 2023, 43(4): 529-548.
[5]	梁铭, 彭浩, 解威威, 宋冠先, 朱孟龙, 张亚飞. 基于超前钻探及优化集成算法的隧道围岩双层质量评价[J]. 隧道建设, 2022, 42(8): 1443-1452.
[6]	邓铭江, 许振浩, 刘斌. Establishment and Application of "1 km+100 m+50 m" Geological Prediction System for ExtraLong TBM Tunnels: a Case Study on Water Supply Project Ⅱ in Xinjiang, China(超特长隧洞TBM施工“115”超前地质预报系统创建与实践——以北疆供水二期工程为例) [J]. 隧道建设, 2021, 41(9): 1433-1450.
[7]	杜宇本, 蒋良文, 陈明浩, 王哲威. Development and Prospect of Geological Surveying Technology for Railway Tunnels in China(中国铁路隧道勘察技术的发展与展望)[J]. 隧道建设, 2021, 41(11): 1943-1952.
[8]	晏军. 岩溶隧道超前地质预报几种主要物探方法的选择与实践[J]. 隧道建设, 2020, 40(S1): 327-336.
[9]	李好. 新型防爆地震仪在瓦斯隧道超前地质预报中的应用[J]. 隧道建设, 2020, 40(2): 261-266.
[10]	李辉，韩自强，陈棚. 瞬变电磁法在公路隧道地下水预报中的应用[J]. 隧道建设, 2019, 39(S1): 355-360.
[11]	王伟，高星，刘孝卫. 几种初至自动拾取算法在地震波法隧道超前探测中的对比分析[J]. 隧道建设, 2019, 39(8): 1239-1246.
[12]	王远超，杜雷功，王迎春，章跃林. 深埋隧洞TBM超前地质预报及预处理关键技术研究[J]. 隧道建设, 2019, 39(8): 1350-1356.
[13]	张照太，游胜，丰光亮，陈竹，陈炳瑞. 高埋深软硬岩互层地质条件下敞开式TBM岩爆段施工方法研究[J]. 隧道建设, 2019, 39(5): 843-850.
[14]	刘秉峰，张军伟，李雪，祝全兵，任跃勤. 盾构隧道穿越特殊地质围岩位移向量趋势线变形响应特征[J]. 隧道建设, 2019, 39(2): 240-245.
[15]	李涛, 仇文革, 刘毅. 基于数据驱动的隧道地质信息精细化管理系统研发与应用[J]. 隧道建设, 2019, 39(1): 68-74.

非煤地层隧道瓦斯等级合理性判定研究

Gas Grade Evaluation Method for Noncoal Stratum Tunnels

PDF

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价