钻爆法隧道施工通风机与通风管安装维护工艺研究综述

doi:10.3973/j.issn.2096-4498.2025.S2.004

隧道建设（中英文） ›› 2025, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (S2): 49-62.DOI: 10.3973/j.issn.2096-4498.2025.S2.004

钻爆法隧道施工通风机与通风管安装维护工艺研究综述

王旭^{1， 2}，喻渝^{3， *}，李志军⁴，孙伯乐⁵，李奎³，高攀⁴

（1. 国铁川藏科创中心（成都）有限公司，四川成都 610213； 2. 中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司，北京 100081； 3. 中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司，四川成都 610213； 4. 中铁隧道局集团有限公司，广东广州 511458； 5. 中铁三局集团有限公司，山西太原 030001）

出版日期:2025-12-20 发布日期:2025-12-20
作者简介:王旭（1993—），男，湖北天门人，2021年毕业于西南交通大学，桥梁与隧道工程专业，博士，副研究员，现从事隧道工程技术研究工作。E-mail： soar1618@163.com。*通信作者: 喻渝， E-mail： yuy@ey.crec.cn。

Review on Installation and Maintenance Technology of Ventilation Fans and Ducts for Tunnel Construction by Drilling and Blasting Method

WANG Xu^{1, 2}, YU Yu^{3, *}, LI Zhijun⁴, SUN Bole⁵, LI Kui³, GAO Pan⁴

(1. Sichuan-Tibet Technology Innovation Center (Chengdu) of National Railway Co., Ltd., Chengdu 610213, Sichuan, China; 2. China Academy of Railway Sciences Co., Ltd., Beijing 100081, China; 3. China Railway Eryuan Engineering Group Co., Ltd., Chengdu 610213, Sichuan, China; 4. China Railway Tunnel Group Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 511458, Guangdong, China; 5. China Railway No.3 Engineering Group Co., Ltd., Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China)

Online:2025-12-20 Published:2025-12-20

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 针对钻爆法隧道施工中通风性能难以长期稳定保持的难题，以“安装维护工艺优化”为突破口，梳理施工通风机与通风管安装维护工艺的研究与应用现状，在此基础上总结形成研究结论并提出改进建议。1)通风机采用可移动式安装底座，通过水平与竖向调节精准定位，有利于风机至洞口段通风管悬挂得平直顺畅，从源头减少风阻; 2)软风管与风机采用松紧带和卡箍连接，硬风管与风机采用法兰盘连接，可避免风机出口高压导致的风管破损与连接处漏风； 3)按通风管设计位置与直径确定膨胀挂钩位置与间距，在挂钩上布设钢丝绳，用弹簧扣连接通风管挂环与钢丝绳，有利于隧道内通风管悬挂得平直顺畅； 4)交叉洞处依据现场布局确定三通结构或风仓的安装高度与转弯角度，可采用钢支撑或钢丝绳悬吊固定，三通结构与风阀和硬风管采用法兰连接，与软风管采用抱箍连接，连接处采用密封垫或密封胶处理，确保风道密封性； 5)施工台车根据通风管的位置、形状、尺寸预留孔洞，加装内壁布设有多组滑轮的保护管，以滚动摩擦替代滑动摩擦，同时在保护管前后设带滑轮的弯曲段与导向段，避免风管穿行时刮擦破损与弯曲褶皱，减少局部通风阻力。研究结论表明，通风机和通风管的安装运维质量是长期保持设计通风性能的关键，是稳定保障隧道施工通风效果的核心。

关键词: 隧道工程, 施工通风, 通风机, 通风管, 安装维护工艺

Abstract: Long-term ventilation performance during tunnel construction by drilling and blasting method is challenging. To address this issue, based on optimization of installation and maintenance technologies of ventilation in tunnels, research and application status of installation and maintenance technologies of ventilation fans and ducts are reviewed. The research results indicate the following: (1) When a fan is fixed on a movable mounting base and accurately positioned via horizontal and vertical alignment adjustments, it can facilitate the straight and smooth suspension of the duct from the fan to the tunnel portal, thereby reducing air resistance at the source of installation. (2) Flexible ducts are connected to the fan via elastic straps and clamps, while rigid ducts are connected to fan through flanges. This connection method can prevent duct damage and air leakage at the joints caused by high pressure at the fan outlet. (3) According to the designed position and diameter of the ducts, the installation position and spacing of hook-equipped expansion bolts are determined, a steel wire rope is laid on the hooks, and the duct hanging rings are connected to the steel wire rope with spring buckles to achieve a straight and unobstructed suspension state of the duct in the tunnel. (4) Based on the on-site layout of the intersection tunnel, the installation height and turning angle of the tee structure or wind silo can be determined, and oblique and vertical steel supports or steel wire ropes can be used for suspension and fixation. The tee structure can be connected to air valves and rigid ducts via flanges, and to flexible ducts via hoops, the joints are sealed with gaskets or sealants to ensure duct tightness. (5) It is recommended to reserve the location, shape, and size of the duct holes on the construction trolley, and install protective pipes at the reserved holes. Multiple sets of pulleys are arranged on its sidewalls to replace sliding friction with rolling friction. Meanwhile, curved sections and guide sections equipped with pulleys are installed at the front and rear of the trolley. This setup can prevent the duct from being scratched, damaged, bent, or wrinkled when passing through the protective pipes, and reduce local ventilation resistance. The research conclusions indicate that the quality of installation, operation, and maintenance of fan and duct is the key to maintaining the designed ventilation performance over the long term, and the core of stably ensuring the ventilation effect during tunnel construction.

Key words: tunnel engineering, ventilation, fan, air duct, installation and maintenance technology

王旭, 喻渝, 李志军, 孙伯乐, 李奎, 高攀. 钻爆法隧道施工通风机与通风管安装维护工艺研究综述[J]. 隧道建设, 2025, 45(S2): 49-62.

WANG Xu, YU Yu, LI Zhijun, SUN Bole, LI Kui, GAO Pan. Review on Installation and Maintenance Technology of Ventilation Fans and Ducts for Tunnel Construction by Drilling and Blasting Method[J]. Tunnel Construction, 2025, 45(S2): 49-62.

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钻爆法隧道施工通风机与通风管安装维护工艺研究综述

Review on Installation and Maintenance Technology of Ventilation Fans and Ducts for Tunnel Construction by Drilling and Blasting Method

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