隧道爆破引起土岩复合地层-结构体系动力效应分区耦合分析方法

doi:10.3973/j.issn.2096-4498.2026.05.006

隧道建设（中英文） ›› 2026, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (5): 970-984.DOI: 10.3973/j.issn.2096-4498.2026.05.006

隧道爆破引起土岩复合地层-结构体系动力效应分区耦合分析方法

赵凯^{1, 2, 3}, 夏冰¹, 王立川^{1, 4, 5, 6, *}, 王海彦¹, 张学民⁵, 张俊儒⁶

（1. 南京工业大学交通运输工程学院，江苏南京 211816； 2. 南京工业大学岩土工程研究所，江苏南京 210009； 3. 江苏省土木工程防震技术研究中心，江苏南京 210009； 4. 中铁十八局集团有限公司，天津 300222； 5. 中南大学土木工程学院，湖南长沙 410075； 6. 西南交通大学土木工程学院，四川成都 610031）

出版日期:2026-05-20 发布日期:2026-05-20
作者简介:赵凯(1982—)，男，安徽滁州人，2012年毕业于意大利都灵理工大学，岩土工程专业，博士，教授，主要从事岩土地震工程研究工作。E-mail：zhaokai@njtech.edu.cn。*通信作者：王立川, E-mail：wlc773747@126.com。

Zonal Coupling Analysis on Dynamic Effect of Soil- Rock Composite Strata-Structure System Induced by Tunnel Blasting

ZHAO Kai^{1, 2, 3}, XIA Bing¹, WANG Lichuan^{1, 4, 5, 6, *}, WANG Haiyan¹, ZHANG Xuemin⁵, ZHANG Junru⁶

(1. College of Transportation Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, Jiangsu, China; 2. Institute of Geotechnical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China; 3. Civil Engineering and Earthquake Disaster Prevention Center of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China; 4. China Railway 18th Bureau Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin 300222, China; 5. School of Civil Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410075, Hunan, China; 6. School of Civil Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, Sichuan, China)

Online:2026-05-20 Published:2026-05-20

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 针对隧道爆破引起土岩复合地层-结构体系动力效应大尺度非线性模拟难题，采用“分区建模-界面耦合”方法，将爆源-地层-结构动力系统分解为爆源近区精细化模型和土岩复合地层-结构体系振动响应分析模型,设置分区耦合边界实现两者动变形的实时传递，提出一种高效模拟隧道爆破引起土岩复合地层-结构体系动力效应的分区耦合分析方法。通过改进Friedlander方程,模拟内源爆炸在圆柱形炮孔表面产生的瞬态空气冲击波; 分别采用HJC（Holmquist-Johnson-Cook）本构模型和广义Non－Masing本构模型,模拟爆源近区围岩的动力损伤过程和场地土体的非线性滞回特性。在保证计算精度的前提下，本文方法可使计算耗时大幅降低。通过与爆源-地层动力系统整体模型结果对比，验证分区耦合动力分析方法在模拟典型城市场地条件下爆破地震波产生和传播的有效性，且计算耗时仅为整体模型的11.5%。对土岩复合地层的地表环境振动衰减特性以及邻近古建筑结构振动响应进行研究，结果表明： 1)土岩复合地层萨道夫斯基拟合系数K、α高于岩性地层的拟合系数; 2)上覆土层减振耗能效果明显，土岩交界面对高频成分有显著的滤波作用; 3)土体在非规则循环加卸载动力作用下表现出的滞回阻尼效应，可显著减小爆破地震波产生的振动响应。

关键词: 隧道爆破, 分区耦合分析方法, 爆源损伤模型, 土岩复合地层, 爆破振动衰减, 滤波效应

Abstract:

To solve the large-scale nonlinear simulation problems of ancient structure vibration on soil-rock composite strata induced by tunnel blasting, using the “zonal modeling-interface coupling” method, the blast source-stratum-structure dynamic system is decomposed into a refined near-blast source model and a vibration response analysis model for the soil-rock composite strata-structure system. A zonal coupling boundary is established to enable real time transmission of dynamic deformation between the two submodels, forming a zonal coupling analysis method capable of efficiently simulating the dynamic effects of tunnel blasting on soil-rock composite strata-structure systems. An improved Friedlander equation is adopted to simulate the transient air shock wave generated by internal explosions on the surface of cylindrical blast holes. The HJC constitutive model and the generalized non-Masing constitutive model are employed to simulate the dynamic damage process of surrounding rock in the near-blast source area and the nonlinear hysteretic characteristics of site soil, respectively. The proposed method considerably reduces computational time while maintaining calculation accuracy, offering strong engineering applicability. Comparison with results from the integral model of the blast sourcestratum dynamic system verifies the effectiveness of the zonal coupling dynamic analysis method in simulating the generation and propagation of blasting seismic waves under typical urban site conditions; its computational time is only 11.5% of that of the integral model. The attenuation characteristics of surface environmental vibration in soil-rock composite strata and the vibration responses of adjacent ancient building structures are investigated. The results indicate the following: (1) The Sadovsky fitting coefficients K and α of soil-rock composite strata are higher than those of lithological strata. (2) The overlying soil layer exhibits considerable vibration reduction and energy dissipation effects, and the soil-rock interface exerts a pronounced filtering effect on high-frequency components. (3) The hysteretic damping effect of soil under irregular cyclic loading and unloading considerably attenuates the vibration response induced by blasting seismic waves.

Key words: tunnel blasting, zonal coupling analysis method, blast source damage model, soil-rock composite strata, blasting vibration attenuation, filtering effect

赵凯, 夏冰, 王立川, 王海彦, 张学民, 张俊儒. 隧道爆破引起土岩复合地层-结构体系动力效应分区耦合分析方法[J]. 隧道建设, 2026, 46(5): 970-984.

ZHAO Kai, XIA Bing, WANG Lichuan, WANG Haiyan, ZHANG Xuemin, ZHANG Junru. Zonal Coupling Analysis on Dynamic Effect of Soil- Rock Composite Strata-Structure System Induced by Tunnel Blasting[J]. Tunnel Construction, 2026, 46(5): 970-984.

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隧道爆破引起土岩复合地层-结构体系动力效应分区耦合分析方法

Zonal Coupling Analysis on Dynamic Effect of Soil- Rock Composite Strata-Structure System Induced by Tunnel Blasting

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