软岩大变形隧道主动支护特征及其效用

doi:10.3973/j.issn.2096-4498.2026.S1.018

隧道建设（中英文） ›› 2026, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (S1): 205-216.DOI: 10.3973/j.issn.2096-4498.2026.S1.018

软岩大变形隧道主动支护特征及其效用

郭新新¹，王婉婷¹，王智佼²，王睿^{3, *}，于家武⁴，汪波⁵

（1. 成都理工大学地质灾害防治与地质环境保护全国重点实验室, 四川成都 610059; 2. 甘肃长达路业有限责任公司，甘肃兰州 730030; 3. 四川师范大学工学院, 四川成都 610068; 4. 中铁隧道集团二处有限公司，河北三河 065201; 5.西南交通大学极端环境岩土和隧道工程智能建养全国重点实验室，四川成都 610031）

出版日期:2026-06-30 发布日期:2026-06-30
作者简介:郭新新（1990—），男，浙江温岭人，2021年毕业于西南交通大学，桥梁与隧道工程专业，博士，副教授，主要从事软岩大变形隧道支护、锚固系统开发、图像识别等研究工作。E-mail： zj_gxinxin@163.com。*通信作者: 王睿， E-mail： 522900646@qq.com。

Characteristics and Effect of Active Support for Large Deformation Tunnels in Soft Rock

GUO Xinxin¹, WANG Wanting¹, WANG Zhijiao², WANG Rui^{3, *}, YU Jiawu⁴, WANG Bo⁵

(1. State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, Sichuan, China; 2. Gansu Changda Highway Co., Ltd., Lanzhou 730030, Gansu, China; 3. College of Engineering, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610068, Sichuan, China; 4. The 2nd Engineering Co., Ltd. of China Railway Tunnel Group, Sanhe 065201, Hebei, China; 5. State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Geotechnics and Tunnelling, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, Sichuan, China)

Online:2026-06-30 Published:2026-06-30

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为解决软岩大变形隧道中主动支护特征模糊与主动支护效用不明等问题，首先，采用理论分析与数值模拟相结合的方法，对及时支护、主动支护、强支护以及支护力扩散的支护作用进行分析；其次，采用数值仿真研究及时-强-主动支护、及时-主动支护、强-主动支护、主动支护、强-被动支护、被动支护6种支护模式在不同围岩挤压度工况下的支护效用。得到主要结论如下： 1）软岩大变形隧道主动支护是在主动支护基础上叠加及时支护和强支护于一体，且具备充分扩散支护力属性的及时-强-主动支护； 2）主动支护力扩散的重要作用体现在支护力越扩散，围岩变形控制效果越好，并且能够有效减少支护薄弱区、提升围岩稳定性； 3）在主动支护基础上实施强支护或及时支护均能够有效提升支护效果，表现为围岩自身承载性能与围岩变形均能得到改善； 4）在主动支护基础上实施的及时-强-主动支护，其围岩变形控制效果与承载能力提升效果优于及时主动支护与强-主动支护的线性叠加，具有“1+1>2”的“放大”作用，且随围岩挤压度增加，该“放大”作用持续增大。

关键词: 软岩大变形隧道, 及时-强-主动支护, 支护特征, 支护模式, 变形控制

Abstract: To address the ambiguous characteristics and undefined application effects of active support adopted in soft rock large-deformation tunnels, the support mechanisms of timely support, active support, high-strength support and support pressure diffusion are explored using theoretical analyses and numerical methods. Then, numerical simulations are carried out to analyze the supporting effects of six typical support schemes under different surrounding rock squeezing degrees, namely timely-high-strength-active support, timely-active support, high-strength-active support, single active support, high-strength-passive support, and passive support. The main conclusions are drawn as follows: (1) The core active support form suitable for soft rock large-deformation tunnels is timely-high-strength-active support, which integrates timely support and high-strength support based on conventional active support and features adequate support pressure diffusion performance. (2) Support pressure diffusion exerts a prominent influence on tunnel support: wider diffusion range of support pressure achieves better control effect on surrounding rock deformation, effectively eliminates weak support zones and improves surrounding rock stability. (3) The arrangement of high-strength support or timely support on the basis of active support markedly optimizes the overall support effect, and effectively improves both the self-bearing capacity and deformation state of surrounding rock. (4) The surrounding rock deformation control and bearing capacity improvement effects of timely-high-strength-active support are superior to the linear superposition effect of timely-active support and high-strength-active support, presenting an obvious “1+1>2” amplification effect. Moreover, such amplification effect increases continuously with the rise of surrounding rock squeezing degree.

Key words: soft rock large-deformation tunnel, timely-high-strength-active support, support characteristics, support mode, deformation control

郭新新, 王婉婷, 王智佼, 王睿, 于家武, 汪波. 软岩大变形隧道主动支护特征及其效用[J]. 隧道建设, 2026, 46(S1): 205-216.

GUO Xinxin, WANG Wanting, WANG Zhijiao, WANG Rui, YU Jiawu, WANG Bo. Characteristics and Effect of Active Support for Large Deformation Tunnels in Soft Rock[J]. Tunnel Construction, 2026, 46(S1): 205-216.

/ 推荐

[1]	张冬梅, 甘彬霖, 申轶尧, 黄忠凯, 张桂扬, 张薇. 临近施工对既有盾构隧道扰动影响及控制研究进展与分析[J]. 隧道建设, 2025, 45(S2): 11-29.
[2]	高红杰, 邢培刚, 马伟斌, 赵建军, 邹文浩, 张金龙, 黄新宇, 徐浩田. 强挤压碎裂软岩隧道主被动联合大变形控制技术研究[J]. 隧道建设, 2025, 45(S1): 290-307.
[3]	李延喆, 宋远, 安刚建, 荣传新, 冯守中, 黄明利. 软岩大变形隧道让压耗能型波纹板接头构件轴压性能研究[J]. 隧道建设, 2025, 45(8): 1538-1548.
[4]	时炜, 郑建国, 曹静远, 于永堂, 梁保真, 雷伟, 张志毅. 黄土地层基坑工程近距上跨地铁隧道小变形控制方法研究[J]. 隧道建设, 2025, 45(2): 361-374.
[5]	王者永, 刘成龙, 徐振, 肖永强, 宗超, 孙英韬, 江玉生. 中心城区复杂岩石地层双护盾TBM施工位移变形模式研究[J]. 隧道建设, 2024, 44(S2): 135-143.
[6]	何永洪. 成都地铁9号线盾构下穿高铁隧道变形控制技术研究[J]. 隧道建设, 2024, 44(S1): 396-407.
[7]	贺腾飞, 王文渊. 冻结暗挖法与明挖法在地下通道工程中的组合应用[J]. 隧道建设, 2024, 44(S1): 418-426.
[8]	王斌, 杨延栋, 周建军, 李凤远, 徐海峰, 刘超尹. 高地应力软岩地层敞开式TBM法隧洞围岩变形控制技术:以香炉山隧洞为例 [J]. 隧道建设, 2024, 44(2): 341-348.
[9]	李国锋, 李志厚. 云南公路隧道建设成就与展望[J]. 隧道建设, 2023, 43(S2): 10-26.
[10]	许崇帮, 郑子腾, 辛红升, 缪圆冰, 杜驹. 隧道围岩大变形分类及展望[J]. 隧道建设, 2023, 43(S2): 27-40.
[11]	向龙, 林国进, 余涛, 李华明, 唐协, 罗虎, 王俊. 胜利村隧道陡倾岩层挤压大变形控制及支护技术研究[J]. 隧道建设, 2023, 43(S2): 406-417.
[12]	舒智华, 王定军, 张磊, 王先宝. 多结构物下穿上跨同一既有地铁盾构隧道变形控制研究——以深圳市岗厦北综合交通枢纽工程为例 [J]. 隧道建设, 2023, 43(S2): 504-512.
[13]	陈志敏, 张赓旺, 龚军, 陈宇飞, 李增印. 宁缠隧道高地应力软岩大变形控制措施研究[J]. 隧道建设, 2023, 43(S1): 398-406.
[14]	刘喜东. 大断面小间距矩形顶管隧道微扰动施工控制技术研究——以淞沪路—三门路下立交工程为例 [J]. 隧道建设, 2023, 43(9): 1590-1604.
[15]	黄艳军, 袁山, 王聪, 陈保国, 张艳林. 基坑内支撑体系动态调节下支护结构位移及轴力理论分析[J]. 隧道建设, 2023, 43(5): 761-769.

软岩大变形隧道主动支护特征及其效用

Characteristics and Effect of Active Support for Large Deformation Tunnels in Soft Rock

PDF

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价