高原高铁特长和超长隧道单列车通过时空气阻力变化规律研究

doi:10.3973/j.issn.2096-4498.2024.07.015

隧道建设（中英文） ›› 2024, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (7): 1491-1501.DOI: 10.3973/j.issn.2096-4498.2024.07.015

• 高速铁路隧道空气动力学专题 • 上一篇下一篇

高原高铁特长和超长隧道单列车通过时空气阻力变化规律研究

邓虹, 万有财, 梅元贵^*

（兰州交通大学甘肃省轨道交通力学应用工程实验室，甘肃兰州 730070）

出版日期:2024-07-20 发布日期:2024-08-05
通讯作者: 邓虹（1999—），女，陕西汉中人，兰州交通大学车辆工程专业在读硕士，研究方向为轨道交通空气动力学及应用。E-mail： 2512994420@qq.com。 *通信作者：梅元贵， E-mail： meiyuangui@163.com。

Variation Pattern in Air Resistance of a Train Passing Through Long and Extra-Long High-Speed Railway Tunnels in Plateau Areas

DENG Hong, WAN Youcai, MEI Yuangui^*

(Gansu Province Engineering Laboratory of Rail Transit Mechanics Application, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China)

Online:2024-07-20 Published:2024-08-05

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为研究列车通过高原高铁隧道时隧道长度、坡型、坡度、海拔和列车速度对列车平均空气阻力、最大空气阻力以及隧道平均空气阻力因子、最大空气阻力因子4个空气阻力指标的影响规律，基于一维可压缩非定常不等熵流动模型特征线模拟隧道压力波，将列车空气阻力分解为头尾车端部的压差阻力、车厢摩擦阻力、全列车压差阻力和列车周围空气重力沿列车运行方向的分量阻力（简称空气重力分量阻力），建立反映坡度的单面坡隧道空气阻力计算模型。研究结果表明： 1）单列车通过有坡度隧道时，空气阻力变化规律与车外压力波和空气重力分量阻力有关，受到压缩波和膨胀波的作用增大或减小；单列车通过不同隧道长度的单面上坡/下坡、人字坡和平直隧道时，存在基于平均空气阻力的最不利坡型和临界隧道长度。单列车通过长10 km的单面上坡隧道时平均空气阻力最大，为47.05 kN。2）单列车通过单面上坡隧道时，平均空气阻力和最大空气阻力随着坡度和列车速度的增大而增大，随着海拔的升高而减小。3）通过对平均空气阻力与列车速度拟合得出，列车通过单面上坡、下坡隧道时，平均空气阻力分别与列车速度的1.92次方和2.14次方成正比。

关键词: 高原高铁, 特长隧道, 超长隧道, 列车空气阻力, 坡型, 海拔, 坡度, 一维流动模型

Abstract: In this study, the air resistance inside a tunnel is decomposed into the resistance of the train head and tail due to the pressure differential, friction resistance of the carriage, pressure differential resistance of the entire train, and resistance of the air gravity around the train along the train′s direction of travel. A research method for calculating the air resistance within a single-sided slope tunnel that considers the slope of the tunnel is established using the characteristic line of a one-dimensional compressible flow model with unsteady entropy. These aim to explore the effects of the tunnel length, slope, shape of the slope, train speed, and altitude on the average air resistance, maximum air resistance, tunnel average air resistance factor, and maximum air resistance factor when a train passes through a high-speed railway tunnel in plateau area. The findings are as follows. (1) The pattern of variation in air resistance in a sloped tunnel when a train passes through it is related to the pressure wave outside the train and the air resistance of the gravity component, and the air resistance increases or decreases under the action of compressive and expanding waves. When a train passes through a singlesided uphill/downhill tunnel, a tunnel with a herringbone slope, or straight tunnels having different tunnel lengths, the most unfavorable slope type and critical tunnel length based on average air resistance exist. The average air resistance over the length of a 10 km long, single-sided uphill tunnel is at its highest when a train is passing through it, reaching 47.05 kN. (2) When a train passes through a single-sided, uphill tunnel, the average air resistance and maximum air resistance increase as the slope of the tunnel and the speed of the train increase, and they decrease as the altitude increases. Additionally, when the average air resistance is fitted to the train speed, the average air resistance inside a single-sided, uphill/downhill tunnel when a train is passing through it is approximately proportional to the power of 1.92 and 2.14 of the speed, respectively.

Key words: plateau high-speed railway, extra-long tunnel, super-long tunnel, air resistance in tunnel, slope type, altitude, slope, one-dimensional flow model

邓虹, 万有财, 梅元贵. 高原高铁特长和超长隧道单列车通过时空气阻力变化规律研究[J]. 隧道建设, 2024, 44(7): 1491-1501.

DENG Hong, WAN Youcai, MEI Yuangui. Variation Pattern in Air Resistance of a Train Passing Through Long and Extra-Long High-Speed Railway Tunnels in Plateau Areas[J]. Tunnel Construction, 2024, 44(7): 1491-1501.

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高原高铁特长和超长隧道单列车通过时空气阻力变化规律研究

Variation Pattern in Air Resistance of a Train Passing Through Long and Extra-Long High-Speed Railway Tunnels in Plateau Areas

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