Research Status and Development Trend of Treatment Technologies for Structure Diseases in Operating Railway Tunnels（铁路运营隧道结构病害治理技术研究现状和发展趋势）

doi:10.3973/j.issn.2096-4498.2025.12.001

隧道建设（中英文） ›› 2025, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (12): 2181-2204.DOI: 10.3973/j.issn.2096-4498.2025.12.001

Research Status and Development Trend of Treatment Technologies for Structure Diseases in Operating Railway Tunnels（铁路运营隧道结构病害治理技术研究现状和发展趋势）

卓越^1，2，牛富生^1，2，*，卫心怡^1，2，林春刚^1，2，贺雄飞^1，2，李荆^1，2

(1. 广东省隧道结构智能监控与维护企业重点实验室，广东广州 511458； 2. 中铁隧道勘察设计研究院有限公司，广东广州 511458)

出版日期:2025-12-20 发布日期:2025-12-20
作者简介:卓越(1965—),男,安徽灵璧人,2013 年毕业于北京交通大学,岩土工程专业,博士,教授级高级工程师,主要从事隧道与地下工程设计、科研和施工管理工作。E-mail: zhuoyue120879@126.com。*通信作者: 牛富生, E-mail: niufusheng123@163.com。

Research Status and Development Trend of Treatment Technologies for Structure Diseases in Operating Railway Tunnels

ZHUO Yue^{1, 2}, NIU Fusheng^{1, 2, *}, WEI Xinyi^{1, 2}, LIN Chungang^{1, 2}, HE Xiongfei^{1, 2}, LI Jing^{1, 2}

(1. Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Monitoring and Maintenance for Tunnel Structures, Guangzhou 511458, Guangdong, China; 2. China Railway Tunnel Consultants Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 511458, Guangdong, China)

Online:2025-12-20 Published:2025-12-20

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 我国铁路运营隧道规模巨大，结构病害治理是运营维护的重要任务，从病害基本情况、研究现状、工程案例和发展趋势4个方面依次展开梳理铁路运营隧道结构病害治理技术。首先，通过调研对运营期铁路隧道结构病害类型和成因进行分析。隧道病害按发生部位可分为主体结构病害、附属结构病害和附属设施病害，铁路运营隧道结构出现较多的病害及缺陷主要为衬砌渗漏水、裂损、隧底病害和背后空洞；病害成因可归纳为由外部因素和内部因素造成，外部因素包括外力和环境2方面，内部因素包括材料、施工和设计3方面。其次，梳理铁路运营隧道结构病害治理技术发展现状，当前已围绕治理材料、设备、工法和决策系统等方面开展多元探索，形成多技术协同应用的基础格局。随后，通过典型工程案例分析现有技术的工程使用情况，提炼出技术优化的关键需求。再次，研究分析铁路运营隧道结构病害治理技术发展趋势。主要趋势包括： 1）材料方面，逐步向超强、耐久和绿色低碳方向发展，如玄武岩纤维增强复合材料。2）设备方面，趋于集成化、自动化和多功能化，如综合整治台车，在自动化升降平台基础上，搭载拌钻注检集成的注浆设备、衬砌拆除与重做集成的拆衬设备和锚喷集成的锚喷设备等。3）工法方面，结合新型材料和设备工法将更加注重装配式、喷射式和3D打印等快速施工技术的发展。4）智能推荐决策系统方面，向智能、全面、指导性的方向发展。

关键词: 铁路运营隧道, 结构病害, 病害治理, 治理材料, 治理设备, 治理工法, 治理系统

Abstract: The scale of operating railway tunnels in China is huge, and treatment of structure diseases is an important task of operation and maintenance. The technical measures for the treatment of structure diseases in operating railway tunnels are systematically reviewed from four aspects: basic situation of diseases, research status, engineering cases, and development trends. First, railway tunnel diseases are investigated and types and causes of structure diseases in operating railway tunnels are analyzed. Tunnel diseases can be divided into main structure diseases, ancillary structure diseases, and ancillary facility diseases by occurrence location. Structure diseases and defects of operating railway tunnels are mainly water seepage/leakage and cracking of lining, tunnel floor diseases, and voids behind lining. The causes of structure diseases are diverse, and generally can be summarized as external and internal factors. External factors include two aspects: external forces and the environment, while internal factors comprise three aspects: materials, construction, and design. Second, the development status and trend of treatment technologies for structure diseases in operating railway tunnels are studied and analyzed. Current efforts have focused on diversified explorations in treatment materials, equipment, methods, and decision-making systems, forming a foundation for the collaborative application of multiple technologies. Subsequently, typical engineering cases are analyzed to assess the practical application of existing technologies, identifying key needs for technological optimization. Finally, the development trends of structure disease treatment technologies for operating railway tunnels are analyzed. Main develobment trends include: (1) In terms of materials, the development trend is super-strength, durable, green, and low-carbon materials, e.g., basalt fiber reinforced composite materials. (2) In terms of equipment, it is developing towards integration, automation, and multi-functionalization. For example, a comprehensive treatment trolley, on the basis of automatic lifting platform, is equipped with grouting equipment with mixing, drilling, grouting, and inspection functions, lining demolition equipment with lining demolition and reconstruction functions, and anchoring and shotcreting equipment with anchoring and shotcreting functions. (3) In terms of construction methods, more attention will be paid to the development of rapid construction technologies combining new materials and equipment, such as prefabricated construction, shotcreting and 3D printing technologies. (4) In terms of intelligent recommendation decision-making system, it is developing towards intelligence, comprehensiveness, and guidance.

Key words: operating railway tunnels, structure diseases, disease treatment, materials, equipment, treatment methods, treatment system

卓越, 牛富生, 卫心怡, 林春刚, 贺雄飞, 李荆. Research Status and Development Trend of Treatment Technologies for Structure Diseases in Operating Railway Tunnels（铁路运营隧道结构病害治理技术研究现状和发展趋势）[J]. 隧道建设, 2025, 45(12): 2181-2204.

ZHUO Yue, NIU Fusheng, WEI Xinyi, LIN Chungang, HE Xiongfei, LI Jing. Research Status and Development Trend of Treatment Technologies for Structure Diseases in Operating Railway Tunnels[J]. Tunnel Construction, 2025, 45(12): 2181-2204.

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Research Status and Development Trend of Treatment Technologies for Structure Diseases in Operating Railway Tunnels（铁路运营隧道结构病害治理技术研究现状和发展趋势）

Research Status and Development Trend of Treatment Technologies for Structure Diseases in Operating Railway Tunnels

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