• CSCD核心中文核心科技核心
  • RCCSE(A+)公路运输高质量期刊T1
  • Ei CompendexScopusWJCI
  • EBSCOPж(AJ)JST
二维码

隧道建设（中英文） ›› 2026, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (3): 518-530.DOI: 10.3973/j.issn.2096-4498.2026.03.006

• 研究与探索 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于渣斗三维点云扫描的土压平衡盾构渣土体积测量算法

覃少杰1， 2， 王潇1， 2， 周军峰3， 罗松3， 郑立宁4， 方勇1， 2， *   

  1. (1. 极端环境岩土和隧道工程智能建养全国重点实验室， 四川 成都 610036; 2. 西南交通大学土木工程学院， 四川 成都 610036; 3. 成都轨道建设管理有限公司， 四川 成都 610000; 4. 中国建筑西南勘察设计研究院有限公司， 四川 成都 610052)
  • 出版日期:2026-03-20 发布日期:2026-03-20
  • 作者简介:覃少杰（1993—），男，广西南宁人，2024年毕业于西南交通大学，桥梁与隧道专业，博士，助理研究员，主要从事隧道智能建造、智慧运维方面的研究工作。 E-mail： 260192331@qq.com。 *通信作者： 方勇， E-mail: fy980220@swjtu.cn。

Volume Measurement of Earth Pressure Balance Shield Muck Based on Three-Dimensional Point Cloud Scanning of a Muck Box

QIN Shaojie1, 2, WANG Xiao1, 2, ZHOU Junfeng3, LUO Song3, ZHENG Lining4, FANG Yong1, 2，*   

  1. (1. National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Construction and Maintenance for Geotechnical and Tunnel Engineering in Extreme Environments, Chengdu 610036, Sichuan, China; 2. School of Civil Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610036, Sichuan, China; 3. Chengdu Rail Transit Construction Management Co., Ltd., Chengdu 610000, Sichuan, China; 4. China Southwest Geotechnical Investigation & Design Institute Co., Ltd., Chengdu 610052, Sichuan, China)
  • Online:2026-03-20 Published:2026-03-20

PDF

56

摘要： 为精确测量土压平衡盾构的出渣体积，提高盾构掘进的地层损失控制精度，降低城市地面塌陷风险, 提出一种渣斗三维点云扫描方法。以成都地铁10号线盾构掘进项目为例，对获得的渣斗点云提出基于三角剖分法及切片法的体积算法，运用虚拟底面、优化切片轮廓路径等方式提高算法精度及计算效率。通过室内模拟试验充分验证所提体积算法的准确性并分析误差来源。研究结果表明： 1）激光雷达比结构光相机在扫描范围及测量精度上更适用渣斗扫描，结构光相机的体积误差比激光雷达在切片法及三角剖分法下分别增长1.79%、1.82%。2）在点云完整的条件下，切片法比三角剖分法精度更高，对于装载体积为133.68、178.24、222.80 dm3的激光雷达点云，切片法的体积误差率分别比三角剖分法减少0.61%、0.66%、0.25%；而三角剖分法比切片法对点云缺失的适应性更强。3）试验通过人工测量工程实际渣斗装载量并与点云扫描结果进行对比，并对超过100环掘进数据进行统计分析,结果证明所提出的体积测量算法在工程实际中的计算误差小于3%。


关键词: 土压平衡盾构, 渣土体积测量, 激光雷达, 点云体积计算, 误差分析

Abstract: To accurately measure muck volume during earth pressure balance shield tunneling, improve control of ground loss during excavation, and mitigate the risk of surface settlement in urban environments, a three-dimensional point cloud scanning method for a muck box is proposed. In addition, a volume calculation algorithm based on triangular meshing and slicing is developed using muck box point clouds acquired from the Chengdu metro line 10 shield tunneling project. The algorithm′s accuracy and computational efficiency are improved by constructing a virtual bottom surface and optimizing slice contour paths. Finally, indoor simulation tests are conducted to comprehensively verify the accuracy of the proposed volume-estimation methods and to analyze potential error sources. The results indicate that: (1) LiDAR is more suitable than structured-light cameras for muck box scanning, offering superior scanning range and measurement accuracy. Under both slicing and meshing approaches, the structured-light camera exhibits volume errors that are 1.79% and 1.82% higher than those obtained using LiDAR, respectively. (2) When complete point clouds are available, the slicing method achieves higher accuracy than the meshing method. For LiDAR point clouds corresponding to actual muck volumes of 133.68, 178.24, and 222.80 dm3, the slicing method reduces the volumeestimation error rate by 0.61%, 0.66%, and 0.25%, respectively, compared with the meshing method. In contrast, the meshing method demonstrates stronger robustness when point clouds are incomplete. (3) Field tests were conducted by manually measuring muck box loads during engineering operations and comparing them with point-cloud-based estimates. Statistical analysis of more than 100 excavation rings confirms that the proposed volume-measurement approach achieves an engineering calculation error of less than 3%.


Key words: earth pressure balance shield, muck volume measurement, LiDAR, point cloud volume calculation, error analysis

主办单位：中铁隧道勘察设计研究院有限公司    主管单位：中铁隧道局集团有限公司

本系统由北京玛格泰克科技发展有限公司设计开发 技术支持：support@magtech.com.cn

粤ICP备19038941号