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隧道建设（中英文） ›› 2025, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (7): 1345-1352.DOI: 10.3973/j.issn.2096-4498.2025.07.011

• 施工技术 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于动量梯度下降法的钢管混凝土柱垂直度点云拟合测量

孔恒1， 温玉成2， 郭飞1， 张东亮2， 鲍艳2， *， 孙哲2   

  1. (1. 北京市政建设集团有限责任公司， 北京 100048；2. 北京工业大学 城市与工程安全减灾教育部重点实验室， 北京 100124)
  • 出版日期:2025-07-20 发布日期:2025-07-20
  • 作者简介:孔恒(1965—)，男, 安徽亳州人, 2003年毕业于北京交通大学，桥梁与隧道工程专业，博士，教授级高级工程师，主要从事隧道与地下工程方面的科研与管理工作。E-mail： hengkh@163.com。*通信作者： 鲍艳， E-mail： baoy@bjut.edu.cn。

Verticality Point Cloud Fitting Measurement of Concrete-Filled Steel Tubular Columns Based on Momentum Method#br#

KONG Heng1, WEN Yucheng2, GUO Fei1, ZHANG Dongliang2, BAO Yan2, *, SUN Zhe2   

  1. (1. Beijing Municipal Construction Group Co., Ltd., Beijing 100048, China; 2. Key Laboratory of Urban Security and Disaster Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China)
  • Online:2025-07-20 Published:2025-07-20

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摘要： 我国近年来建设了大量的大型地下工程，需要快速检测这些地下工程中的钢管混凝土柱的安全状态以保证施工质量。为此，提出采用地面三维激光扫描仪获取点云数据进行检测。首先，对点云数据进行拼接和提取处理； 然后，采用动量梯度下降法通过点云数据拟合圆柱体方程，并基于圆柱体方程方向向量与垂直向量计算出柱体垂直度； 最后，在地下综合交通枢纽项目的钢管混凝土柱体上进行试验。试验分为3组： 前2组采用动量梯度下降法拟合计算垂直度，对比使用多测站拼接的点云数据和单测站点云数据的差异； 最后1组使用全站仪检测垂直度，作为似真值进行对比。结果表明： 1）基于动量梯度下降法拟合计算的垂直度与全站仪测量结果对比，其精度满足规范和工程的测量要求； 2）多测站拼接的点云数据和单测站点云数据均能满足需求； 3）基于动量梯度下降法的垂直度点云拟合测量方法相比传统检测方法提升4倍的工作效率。结果证明，三维激光扫描技术在柱体的垂直度快速测量中具有良好的应用前景和可行性。

关键词: 地下工程, 钢管混凝土柱, 垂直度测量, 三维激光扫描, 圆柱体拟合, 动量梯度下降法, 点云数据

Abstract: In recent years, China has constructed numerous large-scale underground projects. To ensure construction quality, it is essential to quickly assess the safety status of the steel-reinforced concrete columns in these underground projects. For this purpose, point cloud data obtained from ground-based three-dimensional (3D) laser scanners are used for detection. First, the point cloud data are concatenated and extracted. Then, the momentum gradient descent method is employed to fit the cylinder equation to the point cloud data, and the verticality of the cylinder is calculated based on the direction and vertical vectors derived from the fitted cylinder equation. Finally, Three groups of experiments are conducted on the steel-reinforced concrete columns of the underground comprehensive transportation hub project. In the first two groups, momentum gradient descent is used to perform the fitting and compute the perpendicularity, and the results are compared with the point cloud data using multi-station stitching and single-station cloud data. The third group uses a total station to measure verticality, and the results are treated as near-truth values. The experimental results are summarized as follows: (1) The accuracy of the verticality calculated using the momentum gradient descent fitting method meets the measurement requirements specified in relevant engineering standards compared with the total station measurement results. (2) Both multi-station and single-station point cloud data are sufficient for satisfying the measurement requirements. (3) The proposed method improves the work efficiency by four times compared to the traditional detection methods. These experimental results demonstrate that the 3D laser scanner offers strong potential and practical feasibility for the rapid measurement of column verticality, providing valuable support for the rapid detection of column verticality in subsequent construction and completion.

Key words: underground engineering, concrete filled steel tubular columns, verticality measurement, three-dimensional laser scanning, cylinder fitting, gradient descent with momentum, point cloud data

主办单位：中铁隧道勘察设计研究院有限公司    主管单位：中铁隧道局集团有限公司

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