In this paper, the lining load and temperature of tunnel arch exchange test section of operating highway tunnel are monitored, and the monitoring results are compared with the load distribution law of newlybuilt tunnel lining, so as to evaluate the bearing capacity of newlybuilt tunnel lining during tunnel arch exchange. The additional load on adjacent structure induced by tunnel arch exchange is studied by using numerical calculation analysis method. The analytical results show that: 1) There are significant differences between tunnel arch exchange project and newlybuilt tunnel construction in terms of load curve form and peak time. 2) According to the lining temperature variation law, it is revealed that the newlybuilt tunnel lining does not bear the basic rock load, and the load monitored is mainly induced by temperature stress. 3) Through The analysis of tunnel arch exchange, additional deformation and stress induced by load effect can be measured on adjacent structure. The nondestructive protection measures should be adopted preferentially and the local tunnel arch exchange scheme should be seriously considered when carrying out tunnel disease treatment.