In order to improve the traffic safety of urban road tunnels andovercome the insufficiency of quantitative analysis of operation tunnel safety evaluation,the evaluation model of urban road tunnel traffic safetyis proposed based on the improved matterelement extenics model and variable weight theory. Evaluation index system and index quantitative analysis standard is established by the relevant standards and existing research results.This model is used for case analysis, and the results show that:The traffic safety grade of tunnel 1 is "low/level 3", the bias grade is "higher/level 2", and the traffic safety grade of tunnel 2 is "higher/ level 2". The evaluation results are in line with the actual operation state of the two tunnels. Compared with other evaluation models, the practicability of the model is verified. It can be seen from the comprehensive weight of indicators that the uniformity of road brightness and the vehicle hybrid rate have a great impact on the evaluation results.