In order to improve the management level of operation and maintenance of utility tunnel, and explore the key risk factors in the management process of operation and maintenance of utility tunnel, the problems existing in the current stage of operation and maintenance of utility tunnel in China are introduced, and the risk factors in the process of management of operation and maintenance of utility tunnel are comprehensively analyzed. The DEMATEL method is used to rank the 22 identified risk factors according to the degree of influence and importance, and it is concluded that the key risk factors in the process include different management systems, low level of operation and maintenance of equipment and facilities, and the uneven technical level of professional managers. Countermeasures are put forwards from the aspects of accelerating the standardization of operation and maintenance management, strengthening the collaborative management between units, and establishing an intelligent management platform.