To study the influence of local seepage of largediameter shield tunnel on surrounding buildings during operation period, relying on Shenzhen Qianhai Bay largediameter shield tunnel project and based on fluidsolid coupling theory, ABAQUS is used to establish a twodimensional solid model of the tunnel and then the seepage position at different joints are calculated and analyzed. The calculation results show that the seepage position has a great influence on the surface settlement of soil. The closer the seepage position is to the top of the tunnel, the more uneven the settlement and the larger the maximum settlement. Therefore, the closer the water seepage position is to the top of the tunnel, the greater the degree of inclination of the surrounding buildings caused by longterm consolidation settlement, and the more unfavorable the stability of the building. The degree of inclination is used as the criterion for determining the degree of damage of buildings. The degree of inclination of buildings at different locations is calculated by the surface settlement curve caused by local seepage, and the conservative estimate of the minimum safety distance between the building and the tunnel center is given based on empirical judgment.