To effectively position the tunnel emergency situations and improve emergency response efficiency, a tunnel emergency positioning system based on Beidou technology has been designed. The types of emergency events, positioning requirements, and the characteristics of positioning technology in highway tunnels are analyzed. Based on the Beidou beacon, the Beidou emergency terminal, and various communication methods, data integration is achieved on the Beidou emergency resource monitoring platform, integrating multimedia scheduling platform to release and receive unified platform information, and providing personnel, equipment, and other positioning data to onsite rescue personnel and rear command personnel quickly, accurately, and effectively. After testing, the time used on positioning is 60.33 s, the positioning error is ≤ 0.6 m, and the time used on data transmission is 0.19 s, which can meet the emergency rescue needs of the tunnel.