The authors examine the rehabilitation of a double-track
tunnel damaged by sudden gushing water and sand during shield receiving by
employing a simultaneous freezing scheme in which grouting holes are separated.
The open-cut Phase 1 is vertically frozen while the
mined Phase 2 is horizontally frozen, halving the construction period. The
primary construction techniques for vertical drilling and mined tunnel
connection of the two-phase constructions include the
following: (1) For vertical drilling, reinforcement is performed outside the
tunnel before drilling, with core sampling achieved first using a diamond bit
followed by rotary drilling with mud wall protection. (2) The mined tunnel
section with damaged segments is excavated using the full-section method, whereas the intact segment is disassembled after
excavating into the sealing wall. The temperature and deformation throughout
the freezing process are controlled and measured, and the development of the
freezing temperature field and displacement change patterns of the surface and
neighboring buildings are analyzed. The results are then compared with those of
conventional freezing projects. The results reveal the following: (1) The heat
exchange between the frozen soil and leakage on the freezing effect is significantly
greater than that of the freezing hole deviation. (2) The neighboring freezing
pipes of the left and right lines are susceptible to breakage when simultaneous
horizontal freezing of the left and right lines is applied in disturbed strata.
(3) The active freezing period for horizontal freezing is longer in
rehabilitation projects in large disturbed strata. (4) The surface settlement
during the horizontal freezing stage is greater than that during the mining
stage because of the presence of voids in the loose backfill soil.
YANG Ping
,
WU Zhaoyang
,
YANG Qiongpeng
,
LI Wei
,
DING Yuhao
.
Freezing Reinforcement and Rehabilitation of Tunnel
Damage due to Gushing Water and Sand During Shield Receiving
[J]. Tunnel Construction, 2025
, 45(4)
: 804
-815
.
DOI: 10.3973/j.issn.2096-4498.2025.04.014
