The inclined ventilation shaft of No. 1 Qinling tunnel on XiHan highway has a gradient ranging from 14% (8°) to 70% (35°), a length of more than 300m and a crosssection area ranging from 55m2 to 62m2. Furthermore, all the construction sequences of the inclined shaft, including excavation, reinforcement, lining and central diagram installation, are to be executed in reverse direction. There are no preceding cases for the design and construction of similar inclined shafts in China. The designed scheme of the inclined shaft is optimized on basis of adequate investigations and studies and simulation tests. Finally, the inclined ventilation shaft is completed successfully by means of ordinary trackless construction machinery and equipment.