The Qingling tunnel (18.462km) and the Wushaoling tunnel (20.05km) are the two longest railway tunnels, the Zhongnanshan (18.02km) is the longest road tunnel in China. With the development of railway and road, the tunnels become longer and the ventilation and disaster prevention are more difficult. The design of ventilation and disaster prevention in above three tunnels are presented in this paper by the theoretical analysis, the numerical simulation, the model experiment and the scheme comparison and so on, which is a reference of the tunnels in the future.