Trajectory Planning for Segment Erector in Shield Tunneling Based on Multistrategy Improved Whale Optimization Algorithm and Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm

ZENG Zhekun, HU Ming, WANG Long, CHEN Zhijin, ZHOU Chuanlu

Tunnel Construction . 2025, (12): 2298 -2312 . DOI: 10.3973/j.issn.2096-4498.2025.12.010