Experimental Study on Fire Plume Evolution and Ceiling Temperature Characteristics of Train Fires in Horseshoe-Shaped Tunnels

GUO Jianqiang, HOU Lijun, ZHANG Yiqun, ZHONG Wei, GAO Zihe

Tunnel Construction . 2026, (9): 1837 -1845 . DOI: 10.3973/j.issn.2096-4498.2026.09.002