超大直径盾构隧道联络通道冻结法施工关键技术——以北京东六环改造工程为例

doi:10.3973/j.issn.2096-4498.2025.09.015

隧道建设（中英文） ›› 2025, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (9): 1791-1802.DOI: 10.3973/j.issn.2096-4498.2025.09.015

超大直径盾构隧道联络通道冻结法施工关键技术——以北京东六环改造工程为例

王磊^{1, 2, 3}，杨哲⁴，董世卓^{1, 2, 3}，孙长松⁴，王恒^{1, 2, 3}，陈红蕾^{1, 2, 3}

（1. 北京中煤矿山工程有限公司，北京 100013； 2. 煤炭科学研究总院，北京 100013； 3. 矿山深井建设技术国家工程研究中心，北京 100013； 4. 中铁十四局集团大盾构工程有限公司，江苏南京 211800）

出版日期:2025-09-20 发布日期:2025-09-20
作者简介:王磊（1989—），男，山东德州人，2014年毕业于煤炭科学研究总院建井研究分院，岩土工程专业，博士，副研究员，现从事地下特殊施工技术冻结法在煤矿建井及市政工程领域的基础理论与工程应用研究工作。 E-mail： tumuwanglei@yeah.net。

Key Technologies for Constructing Connecting Passages of Super-Large Diameter Shield Tunnels Using Artificial Freezing Method: A Case Study of Beijing East Sixth Ring Road Renovation Project

WANG Lei^{1, 2, 3}, YANG Zhe⁴, DONG Shizhuo^{1, 2, 3}, SUN Changsong⁴, WANG Heng^{1, 2, 3}, CHEN Honglei^{1, 2, 3}#br#

(1. China Coal Mine Engineering Co., Ltd., Beijing 100013, China; 2. China Coal Research Institute, Beijing 100013, China; 3. National Engineering Research Center of Deep Shaft Construction, Beijing 100013, China; 4. China Railway 14th Corporation Mega Shield Construction Engineering Co., Ltd., Nanjing 211800, Jiangsu, China)

Online:2025-09-20 Published:2025-09-20

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为解决超大直径盾构隧道联络通道冻结法施工中面临的钻孔涌水涌砂风险高、造孔精度控制难、隧道支撑体系复杂、冻胀压力控制标准模糊、联络通道结构多次变径及冻土开挖效率低等关键技术难题，依托北京东六环改造工程6座冻结联络通道建设项目，研发并应用一系列创新技术与施工工艺。针对超大直径盾构隧道几何特点和高水压富水地层条件，开发冻结钻孔吊篮式升降平台、高精度全站仪放线方法、大埋深高水压冻结孔口管防喷涌装置、复杂多断面变径结构工程三维可视化、旋挖钻机快速冻土掘进及650 mm管片透孔精准封堵止水等关键技术。研究结果表明： 1）提出的关键技术体系有效解决了超大直径盾构隧道联络通道冻结法施工钻孔涌水涌砂风险，实现了高精度安全造孔； 2）改进的支撑、冷排、泄压工艺及防护门设计有效控制了冻结风险，显著提升了冻结过程的安全性与可控性； 3）通过三维建模可视化指导结构施工，完成了通道结构5次变径、钢筋精准绑扎及衬砌精准浇筑等工作，并结合旋挖钻机进行冻土开挖，大幅提高了冻土的掘进效率，降低了工人的劳动强度，缩短了工期。

关键词: 超大直径盾构隧道, 人工冻结法, 北京东六环改造工程, 富水地层, 联络通道, 涌水涌砂

Abstract: The freezing construction of connecting passages in super-large-diameter shield tunnels is challenged by high risk of water and sand gushing during drilling, difficulty in controlling the drilling accuracy, complex tunnel support systems, ambiguous control criteria of frost heave pressure, multiple diameter changes of the connecting passage structure, and low excavation efficiency of frozen soil. To resolve these challenges, a series of innovative technologies and construction techniques have been developed and applied in a renovation project of six frozen connecting passages along the Beijing East Sixth Ring Road. Designed for the geometric characteristics of super-large diameter tunnels and the conditions of high water pressure and water-rich strata, the key technologies are a suspended-basket type lifting drilling platform, a high-precision total station alignment method, an anti-spray device for the pipes of deeply buried freezing holes under high water pressure, three-dimensional visualization of complex multi-section and variable-diameter structure engineering, a rotary drilling rig for rapid frozen soil excavation, and precise sealing and water-stopping of 650 mm segment penetration holes. During the project, it was found that: (1) The proposed key technical system effectively avoided the risk of water and sand gushing during drilling, enabling precise and safe hole-drilling during the construction of connecting passages in super-large diameter shield tunnels via the freezing method. (2) The improved support, cold drainage, pressure relief techniques, and protective doors effectively controlled the freezing risks, thus enhancing the safety and controllability of the freezing process. (3) The three-dimensional modeling visualization successfully assisted five diameter changes of the passage structure, precise reinforcement tying, and precise lining pouring. Moreover, the rotary drilling rig greatly improved the excavation efficiency of frozen soil, reduced the labor intensity of workers, and shortened the construction period.

Key words: super-large-diameter shield tunnel, artificial freezing method, Beijing East Sixth Ring Road renovation project, water-rich stratum, connecting passage, water and sand gushing

王磊, 杨哲, 董世卓, 孙长松, 王恒, 陈红蕾. 超大直径盾构隧道联络通道冻结法施工关键技术——以北京东六环改造工程为例[J]. 隧道建设, 2025, 45(9): 1791-1802.

WANG Lei, YANG Zhe, DONG Shizhuo, SUN Changsong, WANG Heng, CHEN Honglei. Key Technologies for Constructing Connecting Passages of Super-Large Diameter Shield Tunnels Using Artificial Freezing Method: A Case Study of Beijing East Sixth Ring Road Renovation Project[J]. Tunnel Construction, 2025, 45(9): 1791-1802.

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超大直径盾构隧道联络通道冻结法施工关键技术——以北京东六环改造工程为例

Key Technologies for Constructing Connecting Passages of Super-Large Diameter Shield Tunnels Using Artificial Freezing Method: A Case Study of Beijing East Sixth Ring Road Renovation Project

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