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隧道建设（中英文） ›› 2025, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (S2): 347-354.DOI: 10.3973/j.issn.2096-4498.2025.S2.031

• 施工技术 • 上一篇    下一篇

瓦斯隧道高应力低透煤层高低位钻场和水力冲孔相结合的消突技术——以昭通隧道为例

周健1， 邱剑1， 曹泽琨2， *， 江明锋3， 吴华4   

  1. （1. 中铁隧道集团一处有限公司， 重庆 401120； 2. 太原理工大学安全与应急管理工程学院， 山西 太原 030024；3. 京昆高速铁路西昆有限公司， 北京 100000； 4. 中国中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司， 四川 成都 610000）
  • 出版日期:2025-12-20 发布日期:2025-12-20
  • 作者简介:周健（1991—），男，湖北天门人，2014年毕业于湖北工业大学，土木工程专业，本科，工程师，主要从事瓦斯隧道揭煤及消突研究工作。 E-mail： 928141005@qq.com。*通信作者： 曹泽琨， E-mail： caozekun1342@link.tyut.edu.cn。

Gas-Outburst Prevention Measures Combining High and Low Drilling Fields and Hydraulic Fracturing in Gas Tunnels With High-Stress and Low-Permeability Coal Seams: A Case Study of Zhaotong Tunnel

ZHOU Jian1, QIU Jian1, CAO Zekun2, *, JIANG Mingfeng3, WU Hua4   

  1. (1. The First Engineering Co., Ltd. of China Railway Tunnel Group, Chongqing 401120, China; 2. College of Safety andEmergency Management Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi, China; 3. Beijing-Kunming High-Speed Railway Xikun Co., Ltd., Beijing 100000, China; 4. China Railway Eryuan Engineering Group Co., Ltd., Chengdu 610000, Sichuan, China)
  • Online:2025-12-20 Published:2025-12-20

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摘要： 为解决昭通瓦斯隧道地应力高、煤层透气性低、瓦斯质量分数高、煤层松软等难题，通过理论计算对比分析平导洞与主洞分2次抽排瓦斯、平导洞与主洞一次性抽排瓦斯以及高低位钻场一次性抽排瓦斯3种隧道瓦斯抽排方案，择优选择高低位钻场瓦斯抽排方案，对昭通隧道M7—M9煤层开展现场瓦斯钻孔布局。在此基础上，选用高压水力冲孔技术进行煤层增透。现场研究表明： 1）相对于2种平导洞+主洞方案，高低位钻场方案的钻孔施工量分别减少约44%与19%，分别缩短施工周期0.5个月及3个月； 2）月累计抽排瓦斯纯量约20万m3，高位钻场消突效果达83%，低位钻场消突效果达85%，综合消突效果为84%。采用高低位钻场+水力冲孔相结合的瓦斯抽排技术，高效治理了昭通隧道瓦斯难题，确保了隧道顺利穿越高瓦斯煤层。

关键词: 高铁隧道, 瓦斯突出, 高地应力, 高低位钻场, 防突措施, 水力冲孔

Abstract: The Zhaotong gas tunnel faces various challenges, such as high ground stress, low permeability of coal seams, high gas content, and soft coal layers. Herein, three tunnel gas drainage schemes—two-phase gas drainage in the parallel guide tunnel and main tunnel, single-phase gas drainage in the parallel guide tunnel and main tunnel, and one-time gas drainage using high- and low-level drilling fields—are theoretially analyzed and compared. The optimal gas drainage scheme using high- and low-level drilling fields is selected, and a gas drilling hole layout for the Zhaotong tunnel′s M7－M9 coal seams is implemented. Based on this, high-pressure water jet fracturing technology is employed to enhance coal seam permeability. The field study shows that: (1) Compared to other two schemes, the drilling workload of the high and low-level drilling field scheme is reduced by approximately 44% and 19%, respectively, and the construction period is shortened by 0.5 and 3 months, respectively. (2) The monthly cumulative pure gas drainage volume is approximately 200 000 m3, the gas extraction efficiencies in the high- and low-level drilling fields are 83% and 85%, respectively, reaching a 84% comprehensive gas drainage efficiency. The scheme has successfully controlled the gas outburst volume and guaranteed the construction safety of the project. 

Key words: high-speed railway tunnel, gas outburst, high ground stress, high- and low-level drilling fields, gas-outburst prevention measures, hydraulic fracturing

主办单位：中铁隧道勘察设计研究院有限公司    主管单位：中铁隧道局集团有限公司

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