关键词: 铁路隧道, 运营期灾害, 灾害类型, 火灾, 列车碰撞, 脱轨, 衬砌混凝土剥落

Abstract:

A number of 83 cases of accidents in railway tunnels in China and abroad during operation period are collected and analyzed, and main disaster types, causes and countermeasures are studied so as to provide guidance for construction, operation and disaster prevention of railway tunnel. The study results show that: 1) During the operation of railway tunnel, the main disaster types are fire disaster, train collision, derailment and lining concrete spalling. 2) Attentions should be paid to fire disaster, train collision, train derailment and tunnel lining concrete spalling during operation of railway tunnel. 3) The key parts failure of train vehicles, human factors and train collision or derailment induced by vehicle defects are responsible for the train fire in the tunnel. 4) The disaster prevention mode of long railway tunnel and tunnel group during operation period can be designated as parking evacuation and rescue and random parking evacuation and rescue within full or partial range of tunnel based on the scale of civil facilities and the characteristics of tunnel structure. 5) Disaster prevention of railway tunnel is closely related to infrastructure, railway vehicles and transportation scheduling; it is necessary to establish disaster precaution system of railway tunnel during operation period and early warning systems for accidents prevention.

Key words: railway tunnel, disaster during operation period, disaster type, fire disaster, train collision, derailment, lining concrete spalling