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隧道建设(中英文) ›› 2018, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (S1): 20-27.DOI: 10.3973/j.issn.2096-4498.2018.S1.004

• 研究与探索 • 上一篇    下一篇

隧道“关门”塌方原因的力学分析及预防对策

剧仲林   

  1. (中铁十二局集团第四工程有限公司, 陕西西安 710021)
  • 收稿日期:2017-11-30 修回日期:2018-01-24 出版日期:2018-06-15 发布日期:2018-06-19
  • 作者简介:剧仲林(1968—),男,陕西西安人,1992年毕业于石家庄铁道学院,铁道工程专业,本科,高级工程师,现从事隧道及地下工程的施工技术研究及管理。Email: juzhonglin681104@163.com。

Mechanical Analysis and Prevention Measures for “Closed” Collapse of Tunnel and Its Countermeasures

JU Zhonglin   

  1. (The 4th Engineering Co., Ltd. of China Railway 12th Bureau Group Co., Ltd., Xi′an 710021, Shaanxi, China)
  • Received:2017-11-30 Revised:2018-01-24 Online:2018-06-15 Published:2018-06-19

摘要:

为向施工技术管理人员解释隧道初期支护随施工的应力变化规律,进而找出发生“关门”塌方的原因,首先说明“关门”塌方发生时的施工状况,一般采取钢架+锁脚锚杆+喷射混凝土的支护结构,塌方时松散荷载已形成; 然后按荷载-结构模型,在初期支护承担全部设计荷载的条件下,通过施工三台阶法对上、中、下3个断面采取结构力学力法分别进行内力计算及承载能力分析。结果表明: 在围岩完全松散的极限情况下,上台阶绝对安全,中台阶基本安全,下台阶开挖尤其是仰拱开挖时塌方的风险极高。针对上述问题提出预防“关门”塌方的相应对策。结论认为采取钢架+锁脚锚杆+喷射混凝土的支护形式,支护结构处于极限应力平衡状态,很容易破坏而造成隧道坍塌。

关键词: 隧道, &ldquo, 关门&rdquo, 塌方, 初期支护, 结构力学, 内力, 位移, 弹性抗力, 应力极限

Abstract:

It is very necessary to learn the stress variation law of primary support of the tunnel with construction, and further find out the causes of "closed" collapse. The loose load has been formed when "closed" collapse happens, and the support structure of steel frame + footlocking anchor bolt + shotcreting is taken to introduce the construction conditions when the collapse happens. Calculation on internal force along with analysis of carrying capacity of primary support is carried out respectively from the perspective of force method of structural mechanics to analyze the 3bench method according to loadstructure model and under the condition of full designed load on primary support. The calculation results show that in the case of total loose of surrounding rock, there is no safety risk in excavation of top heading middle bench, while the excavation of lower bench, especially inverted arch, is with high risk of collapse. The countermeasures are put forward. It is concluded that the support structure may in ultimate stress balance stratus and easily leads to damage and collapse when using steel frame + footlocking anchor bolt + shotcreting mode.

Key words: tunnel, “closed&rdquo, collapse, primary support, structural mechanics, internal force, displacement, elastic resistance, ultimate stress

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