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隧道建设(中英文) ›› 2025, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (7): 1387-1424.DOI: 10.3973/j.issn.2096-4498.2025.07.016

• 数据统计 • 上一篇    下一篇

Data Statistics and Analysis of Large-Diameter Shield Tunnels in China by the End of 2024(截至2024年底我国大直径盾构隧道数据统计与分析)

罗会如, 冯晓燕, 吴海龙, 魏怀   

  1. (中铁隧道勘察设计研究院有限公司, 广东 广州 511457)
  • 出版日期:2025-07-20 发布日期:2025-07-20
  • 作者简介:罗会如(1990—),女,河南开封人,2015年毕业于郑州大学,道路与铁道工程专业,硕士,工程师,主要从事期刊编辑、审稿及科研等工作。 E-mail: 1256752579@qq.com。

Data Statistics and Analysis of Large-Diameter Shield Tunnels in China by the End of 2024

LUO Huiru, FENG Xiaoyan, WU Hailong, WEI Huai   

  1. (China Railway Tunnel Consultants Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 511457, Guangdong, China)
  • Online:2025-07-20 Published:2025-07-20

摘要: 对截至2024年底我国修建的(包括已竣工的及已开工尚未竣工的)大直径盾构(10 m≤刀盘直径d<14 m)和超大直径盾构(d≥14 m)隧道项目进行统计,结果表明: 截至2024年底我国修建的大直径和超大直径盾构隧道工程共190项。其中: 大直径盾构隧道项目100项,超大直径盾构隧道项目90项。从所在省级行政区、开工年份和盾构始发年份、下穿区域(陆地或水域)、地层条件、盾构刀盘直径、盾构段长度、盾构类型、刀盘结构形式、隧道用途等方面对截至2024年底我国开工建设的大直径盾构隧道情况进行分析,结果显示: 1)大直径和超大直径盾构隧道项目最多的省级行政区前4位是上海市(45项)、广东省(39项)、浙江省(36项)和江苏省(22项),说明大直径和超大直径盾构隧道主要集中于长三角、珠三角。2)2005年之前大直径盾构隧道建设进展缓慢,共开工建设大直径和超大直径盾构隧道项目9项; 2006—2015年共开工建设大直径和超大直径盾构隧道项目40项,属于平稳发展期; 2016—2020年共开工建设大直径和超大直径盾构隧道项目50项,属于蓬勃发展期;2021—2024年开工建设的大直径和超大直径盾构隧道项目数量保持在高位,共91项,平均每年开工建设约23项,属于建设高潮期。3)仅下穿陆地或水域的大直径和超大直径盾构隧道项目分别占比约为39.5%、54.7%,同时下穿陆地和水域的大直径和超大直径盾构隧道项目占比约为5.8%,水下盾构隧道项目相对较多。4)穿越软土地层、复合地层、硬岩地层的大直径和超大直径盾构隧道项目分别为97、86、7项,占比分别约为51.0%、45.3%、3.7%,在硬岩地层修建的盾构隧道项目较少。5)盾构刀盘直径主要分布在11~12 m、14~15 m和15~16 m,占比分别约为25.8%、22.1%、21.0%。目前国内在建的盾构隧道最大刀盘直径为17.50 m。6)盾构段长度为1 000~3 000 m的盾构隧道项目有92项,占比最大,约为48.4%;盾构段长度为3 000~5 000 m的盾构隧道项目有45项,占比次之,约为23.7%; 盾构段长度超过10 000 m的盾构隧道项目有4项。7)采用泥水盾构、土压盾构、双模盾构施工的大直径和超大直径盾构隧道项目分别有169、16、6项(其中扩大杭嘉湖南排后续西部通道工程采用了土压盾构和双模盾构2种方式施工),说明绝大多数(约89%)大直径盾构隧道采用泥水盾构施工。与此同时,多模盾构也逐步应用于大直径盾构隧道中。8)大直径和超大直径盾构隧道项目盾构刀盘采用普通、常压、网格结构形式的分别有102、90、2项; 大直径盾构主要采用普通刀盘结构形式,超大直径盾构主要采用常压刀盘结构形式。9)在隧道用途方面,大直径盾构隧道主要集中在铁路(含城际/市域铁路)、城市道路、地铁和公路领域,总占比为92%; 超大直径盾构隧道主要集中在城市道路、铁路(含城际/市域铁路)和公路领域,总占比约为95.6%。

关键词: 大直径盾构隧道, 统计与分析, 地层条件, 刀盘直径, 盾构段长度, 盾构类型, 刀盘结构形式, 隧道用途

Abstract: According to the statistics of large-diameter shield tunnel projects (with a cutterhead diameter 10 m≤d<14 m) and super-large-diameter shield tunnel project (with d≥14 m) built in China by the end of 2024, including completed ones and commenced but not yet completed ones, there were 190 large- and super-large-diameter shield tunnel projects built in China by the end of 2024, including 100 large-diameter shield tunnel projects, and 90 super-large-diameter shield tunnel projects. The situation of large-diameter shield tunnels commenced in China by the end of 2024 was analyzed by provincial-level administrative region, commencement year, shield launching year, underpass area (land/waters), stratum conditions, shield cutterhead diameter, shield section length, shield type, cutterhead structure form, tunnel purpose, etc. The results are as follows: (1) The top four provincial-level administrative regions with the most large- and super-largediameter shield tunnels were Shanghai Municipality (45 projects), Guangdong Province (39 projects), Zhejiang Province (36 projects), and Jiangsu Province(22 projects). Indicating that most of the large- and super-large-diameter shield tunnels are primarily located in Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta. (2) Before 2005, the construction of large-diameter shield tunnels progressed slowly, and only a total of 9 large-diameter and super-large-diameter shield tunnel projects were commenced. From 2006 to 2015, there was a stable development period, during which a total of 40 large-diameter and super-large-diameter shield tunnel projects were commenced. In 2016, a peak period of construction began. From 2016 to 2020, 50 large-diameter and super-large-diameter shield tunnel projects were commenced. From 2021 to 2024, the quantity of projects remained high, and 91 projects were commenced, with an average of about 23 projects commenced each year, marking the climax period of construction. (3) Large-and super-large-diameter shield tunnel projects only passing under land and those only passing under waters accounted for about 39.5% and 54.7% respectively. In addition, large- and super-large-diameter shield tunnel projects passing under both waters and land accounted for about 5.8%. There were rather many shield tunnel projects passing under waters. (4) The quantities of large- and super-large-diameter shield tunnel projects passing through soft soil strata, composite strata, and hard rock strata were 97, 86, and 7 respectively, accounting for approximately 51.0%, 45.3%, and 3.7% respectively. There were rather few shield tunnel projects passing through hard rock strata. (5) The shield cutterhead diameters were mainly distributed in 11-12 m, 14-15 m, and 15-16 m, accounting for approximately 25.8%, 22.1%, and 21.0% respectively. The maximum cutterhead diameter of the shield tunnels currently under construction in China is 17.50 m. (6) There were 92 shield tunnel projects with a shield section length of 1 000-3 000 m, accounting for the largest proportion, i.e., about 48.4%. There were 45 shield tunnel projects with a shield section length of 3 000-5 000 m, accounting for about 23.7%. There were 4 shield tunnel projects with a length of more than 10 000 m. (7) There were 169, 16, and 6 large- and super-large-diameter shield tunnel projects using slurry shield, EPB shield, and dual-mode shield respectively (among which both EPB shield and dual-mode shield were used in the expansion of subsequent Western Channel for Hangjiahu southward drainage), indicating that most (about 89%) largediameter shield tunnels were constructed by slurry shields. Meanwhile, multi-mode shields have been applied in tunneling. (8) The quantities of large- and super-large-diameter shield tunnel projects using the shields with ordinary, normal pressure, and grid cutterhead structure forms were 102, 90, and 2 respectively. For the large-diameter shields, the ordinary cutterhead structure form was mainly used. For super-large-diameter shields, the normal pressure cutterhead structure form was mainly used. (9) In terms of tunnel purpose, the large-diameter shield tunnels were mainly in the fields of railways (including intercity/intra-city railways), urban roads, metros, and highways, accounting for 92%, and the super-large-diameter shield tunnels were mainly in the fields of urban roads, railways (including intercity/intra-city railways), and highways, accounting for about 95.6%.

Key words: large-diameter shield tunnel, statistics and analysis, stratum conditions, cutterhead diameter, shield section length, shield type, cutterhead structure form, tunnel purpose